As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on December 27, 2022

Registration No. 333-267375

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

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AMENDMENT NO. 1
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT 
UNDER 
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

_____________________________

NAUTICUS ROBOTICS, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

_____________________________

17146 Feathercraft Lane, Suite 450
Webster, TX 77598
(281) 942-9069
(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)

_____________________________

Nicolaus Radford
Director and Chief Executive Officer
Nauticus Robotics, Inc.
17146 Feathercraft Lane, Suite 450
Webster, TX 77598
(281) 942-9069
(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Agent for Service)

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Copies to:

_____________________________

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to public:
From time to time after the effective date hereof.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☒

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to Section 8(a), may determine.

The information contained in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

NAUTICUS ROBOTICS, INC.

8,275,000 Shares of Common Stock

Up to 8,625,000 Shares of Common Stock Underlying Public Warrants to Purchase Common Stock

Up to 7,175,000 Shares of Common Stock Underlying Private Warrants to Purchase Common Stock

Up to 2,922,425 Shares of Common Stock Underlying Securities Purchase Agreement Warrants to Purchase Common Stock

Up to 2,922,425 Shares of Common Stock Underlying Convertible Debentures

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This prospectus relates to the offer and sale by us of (i) 862,500 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Common Stock”) of Nauticus Robotics, Inc. (the “Company”) which were issued upon the conversion of the rights to receive one twentieth (1/20) of one share of Common Stock (the “Right Shares”) in connection with the closing of the Business Combination (defined below), (2) 8,625,000 shares of Common Stock (the “Public Warrant Shares”) issuable upon the exercise of 8,625,000 redeemable warrants, which are exercisable at a price of $11.50 per share (the “Public Warrants”) and (3) 7,175,000 shares of Common Stock (the “Private Warrant Shares”) issuable upon the exercise of 7,175,000 redeemable warrants (the “Private Warrants”), purchased by the Co-sponsors (defined below) at a price of $1.00 per Private Warrant pursuant to a subscription agreement entered into in connection with CLAQ’s (defined below) IPO (defined below), which are exercisable at a price of $11.50 per share (the “Private Warrants”).

This prospectus also relates to the resale from time to time by the selling securityholders named in this prospectus or their permitted transferees (the “Selling Securityholders) of (i) 4,312,500 shares of Common Stock (the “founder shares”) that were issued to the Co-sponsors in conjunction with the IPO at a purchase price equivalent to approximately $0.00058 per Founder Share and subsequently converted upon the closing of the Business Combination (defined below) and (ii) 3,100,000 shares of Common Stock purchased by certain Selling Securityholders at a price of $10.00 per share of Common Stock, and issued pursuant to the terms of certain subscription agreements entered into in connection with the merger pursuant to the Merger Agreement (the “Merger Agreement”) by and among CleanTech Acquisition Corp. (“CleanTech” or “CLAQ”), Nauticus Robotics Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as “Houston Mechatronics, Inc.”), a Texas corporation (“Holdings, Inc.” or “Nauticus Robotics Holdings”), and CleanTech Merger Sub, Inc. (“Merger Sub”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of CleanTech. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub has merged with and into Nauticus (the “Business Combination”), and CleanTech has been renamed Nauticus Robotics, Inc. (“Nauticus” or the “Company”).

Further in addition, this prospectus relates to the offer and sale by us of (i) 2,922,425 shares of Common Stock (the “SPA Warrant Shares”) issuable upon the exercise of 2,922,425 warrants that were issued to certain Selling Securityholders pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement (defined below), which are exercisable at a price of $20.00 per share (the “SPA Warrants”) and (ii) 2,922,425 shares of Common Stock (the “Debenture Shares” and together the with SPA Warrant Shares, the “SPA Shares”) issuable upon the conversion of the Debentures (defined below) that were purchased by certain Selling Securityholders pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, with a conversion price of $15.00 per share.

We will bear all costs, expenses and fees in connection with the registration of the Common Stock and will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the Common Stock. The Selling Securityholders will bear all commissions and discounts, if any, attributable to their respective sales of the Common Stock.

Our Common Stock and Public Warrants are currently traded on The Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbols “KITT” and “KITTW,” respectively. Our Common Stock and Public Warrants began trading on Tuesday, September 13, 2022. The closing price of our Common Stock on the Nasdaq on December 23, 2022 was $4.35 per share, and the closing price of our Public Warrants on December 23, 2022 was $0.30. Because the price of our Common Stock remains below the exercise price of our Public Warrants and Private Warrants of $11.50 per share of Common Stock, and below the exercise price of our SPA Warrants of $20.00 per share of Common Stock, it is unlikely that any warrant holder will exercise their warrants. As a result, we are unlikely to receive any proceeds from the exercise of our warrants in the near future, if at all. See the section entitled “Risks Related to Our Securities — Our warrants may never be in the money, and they may expire worthless.” In addition, although the current market price of our Common Stock is significantly less than the price at which CLAQ sold shares in its IPO, certain Selling Securityholders acquired their shares of Common Stock at prices that are less than the current market price of our Common Stock. See the section entitled “Risk Related to Combined Company’s Common Stock — Certain of the Selling Securityholders acquired their shares of Common Stock at a price that is less than the market price of our Common Stock as of the date of this prospectus, may earn a positive rate of return even if the price of our Common Stock declines and may be willing to sell their shares at a price less than stockholders that acquired our shares in the public market.” Due to the significant number of shares of our Common Stock that were redeemed in connection with the Business Combination, the number of shares of Common Stock that the Selling Security holders can sell into the public markets pursuant to this prospectus may exceed our public float. As a result, the resale of shares of our Common Stock pursuant to this prospectus could have a significant negative impact on the trading price of our Common Stock. This impact may be heighted by the fact that, as described above, certain of the Selling Securityholders purchased, or are able to purchase, shares of our Common Stock at prices that are well below the current trading price of our Common Stock. The 30,349,850 shares that may be resold and/or issued into the public markets pursuant to this prospectus represent approximately 44% of the shares of our Common Stock outstanding as of December 23, 2022 (after giving effect to the issuance of the Right Shares, PIPE Shares, Earnout Shares (defined below), Public Warrant Shares, Private Warrant Shares and SPA Shares).

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined under the federal securities laws and, as such, have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements.

Investing in our securities is highly speculative and involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 12.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is            , 2022

Table of Contents

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with information different from or in addition to that contained in this prospectus. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where an offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

In this prospectus, we rely on and refer to information and statistics regarding our industry. We obtained this statistical, market and other industry data and forecasts from publicly available information. While we believe that the statistical data, market data and other industry data and forecasts are reliable, we have not independently verified the data.

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC using a “shelf” registration process. By using a shelf registration statement, the Selling Securityholders may, from time to time, sell the securities offered by them described in this prospectus (the “Resale Shares”) in one or more offerings as described in this prospectus. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of Resale Shares by the Selling Securityholders.

We may also file a prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part that may contain material information relating to these offerings. The prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment, as the case may be, may add, update or change information contained in this prospectus with respect to such offering. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment, you should rely on the prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment, as applicable. Before purchasing any of the Resale Shares, you should carefully read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement and/or post-effective amendment, as applicable, together with the additional information described under “Where You Can Find More Information.”

Neither we, nor the Selling Securityholders, have authorized anyone to provide you with any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement and/or post-effective amendment, as applicable, prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We and the Selling Securityholders take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We and the Selling Securityholders will not make an offer to sell Resale Shares in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement and/or post-effective amendment, as applicable, is accurate only as of the date on the respective cover. Our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations may have changed since those dates. This prospectus contains, and any prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment may contain, market data and industry statistics and forecasts that are based on independent industry publications and other publicly available information. Although we believe these sources are reliable, we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information and we have not independently verified this information. In addition, the market and industry data and forecasts that may be included in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement and/or post-effective amendment, as applicable, may involve estimates, assumptions and other risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under “Risk Factors” in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement and/or post-effective amendment, as applicable. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on this information.

Frequently used terms

Unless otherwise stated in this prospectus, the terms, “we,” “us,” “our” “Nauticus” or the “Combined Company” refer to Nauticus Robotics, Inc., a Delaware corporation. Further, in this document:

•        “Amended Charter” means the Company’s Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.

•        “Board” means the board of directors of CLAQ prior to the Closing, and the board of directors of the Company following the Closing.

•        “Business Combination” means the merger contemplated by the Merger Agreement.

•        “CLAQ Rights” or “Rights” means the rights as part of the Units sold by CLAQ in its IPO.

•        “CLAQ Warrants” or “Warrants” means the Private Warrants and Public Warrants, which entitle the holder thereof to purchase one share of Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share.

•        “Certificate of Incorporation” means CLAQ’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended on July 19, 2022.

•        “Chardan” or “Chardan Capital Markets, LLC” means Chardan Capital Markets, LLC, the representative of the underwriters in CLAQ’s initial public offering.

•        “CleanTech Investments” means CleanTech Investments, LLC, an entity affiliated with certain of CLAQ’s investors and Chardan.

•        “CleanTech Sponsor” means CleanTech Sponsor I LLC, an entity affiliated with certain of CLAQ’s directors and officers.

•        “Closing” means the consummation of the Business Combination.

•        “Closing Date” means date of the consummation of the Business Combination.

•        “Co-sponsors” means CleanTech Sponsor and CleanTech Investments.

•        “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

•        “Closing Share Price” means $10.00 per share.

•        “Combination Period” means the period of time from the closing of the IPO to consummate the initial Business Combination pursuant to CLAQ’s Certificate of Incorporation.

•        “Common Stock” means the shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of CLAQ prior to the Closing, and the common stock of the Company following the Closing.

•        “Continental” means Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, CLAQ’s transfer agent.

•        “Duff & Phelps” means Kroll LLC operating through its Duff & Phelps Opinions Practice.

•        “Effective Time” means the time at which the Business Combination becomes effective.

•        “Equity Value” means the sum of (i) Three Hundred Million ($300,000,000) plus (ii) the amount by which (x) the outstanding liabilities and obligations of CLAQ with respect to the Transactions (including with respect to Indebtedness of CLAQ and Outstanding CLAQ Expenses) at the Closing (but prior to repayment thereof at the Closing) exceeds (y) $35,000,000. For the avoidance of doubt, the amount described in sub-clause (ii) of this definition of Equity Value shall not be less than zero (0) and the Equity Value shall not be less than Three Hundred Million ($300,000,000).

•        “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

•        “Exchange Ratio” means the ratio determined by dividing (a) the Per Share Merger Consideration Value, by (b) the Closing Share Price.

•        “Founder Shares” means an aggregate of 4,312,500 shares of Common Stock held by the Co-sponsors, directors and officers, consisting of (i) 2,595,000 shares of Common Stock held by CleanTech Investments; (ii) 1,437,500 shares of Common Stock held by CleanTech Sponsor; and (iii) an aggregate of 280,000 shares of Common Stock held by CLAQ officers, directors and certain advisors.

•        “GAAP” means accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

•        “Incentive Award Plan” means the Nauticus Robotics, Inc. 2022 Incentive Award Plan.

•        “Initial Stockholders” means the Co-sponsors and any other initial holders of CLAQ common stock and Private Warrants.

•        “IPO” means the initial public offering of 15,000,000 Units of CLAQ consummated on July 19, 2021, including the additional 2,250,000 Units sold to cover the over-allotment option on July 28, 2021.

•        “IRS” means the United States Internal Revenue Service.

•        “Meeting” means the special meeting of the stockholders of CLAQ, held at 10:00 a.m., Eastern time, on September 6, 2022.

•        “Merger Agreement” means that certain Merger Agreement, dated as of December 16, 2021, as amended on January 30 and June 6, 2022, by and among CLAQ, Merger Sub and Nauticus.

•        “Merger Sub” means CleanTech Merger Sub, Inc., a Texas corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of CLAQ.

•        “Minimum Cash Condition” means the aggregate cash available to CLAQ at Closing from the Trust Account and the PIPE Investment (after giving effect to the redemption and the payment of all expenses) shall equal or exceed $50,000,000.

•        “Nauticus Robotics, Inc.” or “Nauticus” or the “Combined Company” mean CLAQ after the Business Combination, having been renamed “Nauticus Robotics, Inc.”

•        “Nauticus Robotics Holdings, Inc.” or “Holdings Inc.” means Nauticus Robotics Holdings, Inc., a Texas corporation, formerly known as Houston Mechatronics, Inc.

•        “Nauticus Convertible Notes” means (i) that certain Unsecured Convertible Promissory Note, dated June 19, 2021, by and between Goradia Capital, LLC and Nauticus, as amended on December 16, 2021, (ii) that certain Unsecured Convertible Promissory Note, August 3, 2021, by and between Material Impact Fund II, L.P. and Nauticus, as amended on December 16, 2021, (iii) that certain Unsecured Convertible Promissory Note, dated October 22, 2021, by and between In-Q-Tel, Inc. and Nauticus, as amended on December 16, 2021, (iv) that certain Unsecured Convertible Promissory Note, dated July 28, 2020, by and between Schlumberger Technology Corporation and Nauticus, as amended on December 16, 2021, and (v) that certain Unsecured Convertible Promissory Note, dated December 7, 2020, by and between Transocean Inc. and Nauticus, as amended on December 16, 2021 (each, a “Nauticus Convertible Note” and collectively, the “Nauticus Convertible Notes”).

•        “Per Share Merger Consideration” means with respect to any share of Nauticus Common Stock, issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, including those issued in connection with the Nauticus Preferred Stock Conversion and the Nauticus Convertible Note Conversion, a number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock equal to (i) the Per Share Merger Consideration Value divided by (ii) the Closing Share Price.

•        “Per Share Merger Consideration Value” means $142.069.

•        “PIPE Investment” means the sale and issuance of (i) 3,100,000 shares of Common Stock to certain investors for an aggregate purchase price of $31 million in a private placement immediately prior to the closing of the Business Combination (the “Equity Financing”); and (ii) up to an aggregate of $40.0 million in principal amount of secured debentures (the “Debentures”) (of which we have entered into agreements for $36,530,320 of Debentures) and warrants to certain investors named in the Securities Purchase

Agreement dated December 16, 2021, as amended on January 31, 2022, and as further amended and restated on September 9, 2022, substantially concurrently with the closing of the Business Combination (the “Debt Financing”).

•        “public stockholders” means holders of Public Common Stock.

•        “Public Common Stock” means Common Stock sold in the IPO as part of the Units, whether they were purchased in the IPO or thereafter in the open market.

•        “Public Warrants” means warrants sold in the IPO as part of the Units, whether they were purchased in the IPO or thereafter in the open market.

•        “Private Warrants” mean the 7,175,000 warrants issued to the Co-Sponsors, consisting of (i) 4,783,333 Private Warrants issued to CleanTech Sponsor; and (ii) 2,391,667 Private Warrants issued to CleanTech Investments, in a private placement in connection with the consummation of the IPO.

•        “RaaS” means Robotics as a Service.

•        “SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

•        “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

•        “Trust Account” means CLAQ’s trust account maintained by Continental.

•        “Trust Agreement” means the Investment Management Trust Agreement with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, dated July 14, 2021, as amended on July 19, 2022.

•        “Units” means the units of CLAQ, each consisting of one share of common stock, one right and one-half of one redeemable warrant.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements, including statements about the anticipated benefits of the Business Combination, and the financial condition, results of operations, earnings outlook and prospects of Nauticus and may include statements for the period following the consummation of the Business Combination. Forward-looking statements appear in a number of places in this prospectus including, without limitation, in the sections titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business.” In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words such as “plan,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “outlook,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “project,” “continue,” “could,” “may,” “might,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “should,” “would” and other similar words and expressions, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking.

The forward-looking statements are based on the current expectations of the management of Nauticus as applicable and are inherently subject to uncertainties and changes in circumstances and their potential effects and speak only as of the date of such statement. There can be no assurance that future developments will be those that have been anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those factors described in “Risk Factors,” those discussed and identified in public filings made with the SEC by Nauticus and the following:

•        the failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the Business Combination;

•        the ability of Nauticus to maintain the listing of its securities on Nasdaq;

•        costs related to the Business Combination;

•        the outcome of any legal proceedings that may be instituted against Nauticus related to the Business Combination;

•        the attraction and retention of qualified directors, officers, employees and key personnel of Nauticus;

•        the ability of Nauticus to compete effectively in a highly competitive market;

•        the ability to protect and enhance Nauticus’ corporate reputation and brand;

•        the impact from future regulatory, judicial, and legislative changes in Nauticus’ industry;

•        the uncertain effects of the COVID-19 pandemic;

•        competition from larger technology companies that have greater resources, technology, relationships and/or expertise;

•        future financial performance of Nauticus including the ability of future revenues to meet projected annual bookings;

•        the ability of Nauticus to forecast and maintain an adequate rate of revenue growth and appropriately plan its expenses;

•        the ability of Nauticus to generate sufficient revenue from each of our revenue streams;

•        the ability of Nauticus’ patents and patent applications to protect Nauticus’ core technologies from competitors;

•        Nauticus’ ability to manage a complex set of marketing relationships and realize projected revenues from subscriptions, advertisements;

•        product sales and/or services;

•        Nauticus’ ability to execute its business plans and strategy; and

•        those factors set forth in documents of Nauticus filed, or to be filed, with SEC.

Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize or should any of the assumptions made by the management of Nauticus prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements.

All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements concerning the Business Combination or other matters addressed in this prospectus and attributable to Nauticus or any person acting on their behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this prospectus. Except to the extent required by applicable law or regulation, Nauticus undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

RISK FACTORS

You should carefully review and consider the following risk factors and the other information contained in this prospectus, including the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes and matters addressed in the section titled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” in evaluating an investment in KITT Common Stock. The following risk factors apply to our business and operations. The occurrence of one or more of the events or circumstances described in these risk factors, alone or in combination with other events or circumstances, may have an adverse effect on our business, cash flows, financial condition and results of operations. We may face additional risks and uncertainties that are not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial, which may also impair our business, cash flows, financial condition and results of operations.

Due to the significant number of shares of our Common Stock that were redeemed in connection with the Business Combination, the number of shares of Common Stock that the Selling Securityholders can sell into the public markets pursuant to this prospectus may exceed our public float. As a result, the resale of shares of our Common Stock pursuant to this prospectus could have a significant negative impact on the trading price of our Common Stock.

Due to the significant number of shares of our Common Stock that were redeemed in connection with the Business Combination, the number of shares of Common Stock that the Selling Securityholders can sell into the public markets pursuant to this prospectus may exceed our public float. As a result, the resale of shares of our Common Stock pursuant to this prospectus could have a significant negative impact on the trading price of our Common Stock. This impact may be heighted by the fact that, as described in the table below, certain of the Selling Securityholders purchased, or are able to purchase, shares of our Common Stock at prices that are well below the current trading price of our Common Stock. The 30,349,850 shares that may be resold and/or issued into the public markets pursuant to this prospectus represent approximately 44% of the shares of our Common Stock outstanding as of December 23, 2022 (after giving effect to the issuance of the Right Shares, PIPE Shares, Earnout Shares, Public Warrant Shares, Private Warrant Shares, and SPA Shares).

Calculations based on (i) 68,895,623 shares of Common Stock (after giving effect to the issuance of the Right Shares, PIPE Shares, Earnout Shares, Public Warrant Shares, Private Warrant Shares, and SPA Shares) and 18,722,425 warrants (including the SPA Warrants, Public Warrants and Private Warrants) outstanding as of December 23, 2022 and (ii) sales of shares of Common Stock at a price of $4.35 per share and sales of Public Warrants at a price of $.30 per Public Warrant, which reflect the closing price of the Common Stock and Public Warrants as of December 23, 2022. Unless otherwise noted, assumes no issuance of the Earnout Shares, Public Warrant Shares, Private Warrant Shares, and SPA Shares.

The Selling Securityholders will determine the timing, pricing and rate at which they sell such shares into the public market. Although the current trading price or our Common Stock is significantly below $10.00 per share, which was the sales price for units in the CLAQ IPO, certain of the Selling Securityholders have an incentive to sell because they purchased shares and/or warrants at prices below the initial public offering price and/or below the recent trading prices of our securities. Sales by such investors may prevent the trading price of our securities from exceeding the initial public offering price and may cause the trading prices of our securities to experience a further decline.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

We are an early-stage company with a history of losses, and we expect to incur significant expenses for the foreseeable future.

We incurred a net loss of $12.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and $15.1 million and $7.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. We believe that we will continue to incur operating and net losses each quarter until at least the fourth quarter of 2023. Even though we have commercial

traction for platform sales, we may not attract customers for our RaaS offering, our potential profitability is dependent upon the successful adoption on a larger scale of our robotics systems, which may not occur. There can be no assurance that we will be financially successful.

We expect the rate at which it will incur losses will be significantly higher in future periods as we:

•        continue to design, develop, manufacture and commercialize its ocean robotic systems;

•        continue to utilize and develop potential new relationships with third-party partners for supply, design to manufacturing and manufacturing;

•        expand our production capabilities, including costs associated with potential outsourcing the manufacturing of our ocean robotic systems;

•        build up inventories of parts and components for ocean robotic systems;

•        matures maintenance and servicing capacity, capabilities, and replacement parts inventory;

•        manufactures an inventory of ocean robotic systems;

•        increases sales and marketing activities and enhance sales and distribution infrastructure;

•        further develop remote monitoring, updating, and other cloud-based services;

•        refine safety measures for the ocean robotic systems;

•        expand technology infrastructure and cybersecurity measures, policies, and controls; and

•        increases general and administrative functions to support growing operations and to operate as a public company.

Because we will incur costs and expenses from these efforts before we receive any incremental revenues with respect thereto, our losses in future periods will be significant. In addition, we may find that these efforts are more expensive than we currently anticipate or that these efforts may not result in revenues, which would further increase our losses.

We have identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting. This material weakness could continue to adversely affect our ability to report our results of operations and financial condition accurately and in a timely manner.

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Our management is likewise required, on a quarterly basis, to evaluate the effectiveness of its internal controls. We have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

We identified certain accounting errors related to the financial statements. As a result, our management concluded that a material weakness existed in its internal control over financial reporting related to the identification and review of technical issues associated with certain unique, unusual and nonstandard transactions within our equity process. As a result of this material weakness, Nauticus’ management concluded that its internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2021.

To address this material weakness, we have engaged a technical accounting and financial reporting consulting firm to assist the company with (i) its financial accounting close, (ii) the application of technical accounting literature, (iii) the preparation of its financial statements, and (iv) the independent audit of its financial statements. Our plan is to employ additional financial and accounting personnel in key finance and accounting positions. The company has identified some new personnel and expects to secure their full-time employment by the end of third quarter 2022. As of August 31, 2022, we filled positions of Senior Accountant and Accounts Receivable to remediate this weakness in its internal controls. In addition, we added a Chief Financial Officer and transitioned one contract personnel to Vice President of Accounting to strengthen internal controls and financial reporting. We are also strengthening internal controls over financial reporting by implementing an Enterprise Resource Planning system (“ERP”), a software

used to automate business processes, containing workflows and business rules that ensure process is followed by approved policies, roles, and procedures. The Company expects to complete the ERP implementation by year end December 2022 with a phase 2 implementation of fixed assets and other automation considerations completed by the first quarter of 2023.

The resulting fully integrated system will enhance financial reporting and transactional interfaces. We will also add RaaS operations personnel as required when the production Aquanauts are completed, commissioned, and put into service. Our management will make an assessment of these remediation steps and add additional staff, if necessary to remediate the weakness.

We expect to incur on-going significant costs to meet the corporate governance provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, related regulations of the SEC, and the requirements of NASDAQ, with which we were not required to comply as a private company. Complying with these statutes, regulations, and requirements will occupy a significant amount of our board of director’s and management’s time and will significantly increase costs and expenses.

While we believe these actions will address the reported material weakness, we can give no assurances that these actions will remediate the deficiency in internal control or that additional material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in its internal control over financial reporting will not be identified in the future. Our failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in errors in financial statements that could result in a restatement of financial statements and cause us to fail to meet reporting obligations.

In addition to the steps already taken, we plan to continue to devote, significant effort and resources to the remediation and improvement of its internal control over financial reporting. While we have processes to identify and appropriately apply applicable accounting requirements, we plan to enhance these processes to better evaluate research and understanding of the nuances of the complex accounting standards that apply to its consolidated financial statements. These include providing enhanced access to accounting literature, research materials and documents, increased communication among its personnel, hiring additional technical accounting resources, and third-party professionals with whom we consult regarding complex accounting applications. The elements of its continued remediation plan can only be accomplished over time, and we can offer no assurances that these initiatives will ultimately have all or some of the intended effects.

Any failure to maintain such internal control could adversely impact our ability to report its financial position and results of operations on a timely and accurate basis. If our financial statements are not accurate, investors may not have a complete understanding of our operations. Likewise, if our financial statements are not filed on a timely basis, we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the stock exchange on which our Common Stock is listed, the SEC or other regulatory authorities. In either case, that could result in a material adverse effect on our business. Ineffective internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information which could have a negative effect on the trading of our Common Stock.

We can give no assurances that going forwards the measures we plan to take in the future will remediate any additional material weaknesses or restatements of financial results will not arise in the future due to failure to implement and maintain adequate control over financial reporting or circumvention of these controls. In addition, even if we are successful in strengthening its controls and procedures, in the future those controls and procedures may not be adequate to prevent or identify irregularities or errors or to facilitate the fair preparation and presentation of our consolidated financial statements.

For more information please see the Risk Factor “If we to maintain an effective system of internal controls, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be adversely affected.”

Almost all of our revenues in 2020, 2021, and the second and third quarters of 2022 were derived from three customers. A substantial portion of our current revenue is generated by sales to government entities, which are subject to a number of uncertainties, challenges, and risks.

We currently have a limited number of customers. For the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, sales to two customers accounted for 99% and 96% of total revenue, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2021, sales to one customer accounted for 89% of total revenue and the total balance due from this customer as of December 31, 2021 made up 82% of accounts receivable. For the year ended December 31, 2020, sales to one customer accounted for 61% of total revenue, sales to another customer accounted for 20% of total revenue, and sales to another customer accounted for 17% of total revenue. The total balances due from these customers as of December 31,

2020 made up 100% of accounts receivable. Sales to government entities are subject to a number of risks. Selling to government entities can be highly competitive, expensive, and time-consuming, often requiring significant upfront time and expense without any assurance that these efforts will generate a sale. In the event that we are successful in being awarded further government contracts, such awards may be subject to appeals, disputes, or litigation, including, but not limited to, bid protests by unsuccessful bidders. Government demand and payment for our solutions may be impacted by public sector budgetary cycles and funding authorizations, with funding reductions or delays adversely affecting public sector demand for our solutions. Government entities may have statutory, contractual, or other legal rights to terminate our contracts for convenience or default. For purchases by the U.S. federal government, the government may require certain products to be manufactured in the United States and other high cost manufacturing locations, and we or any third-party manufacturers may not manufacture all products in locations that meet government requirements, and as a result, our business and results of operations may suffer.

As a government contractor or subcontractor, we must comply with laws, regulations, and contractual provisions relating to the formation, administration, and performance of government contracts and inclusion on government contract vehicles, which affect how we and our partners do business with government agencies. As a result of actual or perceived noncompliance with government contracting laws, regulations, or contractual provisions, we may be subject to non-ordinary course audits and internal investigations which may prove costly to its business financially, divert management time, or limit our ability to continue selling its products to its government customers. These laws and regulations may impose other added costs on our business, and failure to comply with these or other applicable regulations and requirements, including non-compliance in the past, could lead to claims for damages, downward contract price adjustments or refund obligations, civil or criminal penalties, and termination of contracts and suspension or debarment from government contracting for a period of time with government agencies. Any such damages, penalties, disruption, or limitation in our ability to do business with a government would adversely impact, and could have a material adverse effect on, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

If we fail to effectively manage our growth, we may not be able to design, develop, manufacture, market, and launch new generations of our robotic systems successfully.

We intend to invest significantly in order to expand our business. Any failure to manage our growth effectively could materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition, and operating results. We intend to expand our operations significantly. We expect our expansion to include:

•        expanding the management, engineering, and product teams;

•        identifying and recruiting individuals with the appropriate relevant experience;

•        hiring and training new personnel;

•        launching commercialization of new products and services;

•        forecasting production and revenue and implementing enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems;

•        entering into relationships with one or more third-party design for manufacturing partners and third-party manufacturers and/or expanding its internal manufacturing capabilities;

•        controlling expenses and investments in anticipation of expanded operations;

•        carrying out acquisitions and entering into collaborations, in-licensing arrangements, joint ventures, strategic alliances or partnerships;

•        expanding and enhancing internal information technology, safety, and security systems;

•        establishing or expanding sales, customer service and maintenance and servicing facilities and organization;

•        conducting demonstrations of ocean robotic systems;

•        entering into agreements with suppliers and service providers; and

•        implementing and enhancing administrative infrastructure, systems, and processes.

We intend to continue to hire a significant number of additional personnel, including engineers, design and production personnel and service technicians for its ocean robotic systems and services. Because of the innovative nature of our technology, individuals with the necessary experience may not be available to hire, and as a result, we will need to expend significant time and expense to recruit and retain experienced employees and appropriately train any newly hired employees. Competition for individuals with experience designing, producing, and servicing dexterous ocean robots and their software is intense, and we may not be able to attract, integrate, train, motivate or retain additional highly qualified personnel. The failure to attract, integrate, train, motivate and retain these additional employees could seriously harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Our operating and financial projections rely on management assumptions and analyses. If these assumptions or analyses prove to be incorrect, our actual operating results may be materially different from its forecasted results.

We are an ocean robotics and services company, with limited experience commercializing its products and services. The projected financial and operating information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus reflect estimates of future performance and is based on multiple financial, technical, and operational assumptions, including hiring of additional skilled personnel in a timely way to support continued development and commercialization of the core products, timing of commercial launch of the ocean robotic systems, the level of demand for our ocean robotic systems, the performance of our ocean robotic systems, the utilization of the ocean robot fleet, commercial interest in the RaaS subscription model, the useable life of the ocean robotic systems, cost of manufacturing, cost of components and availability of adequate supply, the nature and length of the sales cycle, maintenance and servicing costs and the costs of refurbishing the ocean robotic systems. However, given our limited commercial experience, it is likely that many of these assumptions will prove incorrect. The projections are forward-looking statements that are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control. See “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” Whether actual operating and financial results and business developments will be consistent with our expectations and assumptions as reflected in its forecast depends on a number of other factors, many of which are outside our control, including, but not limited to:

•        whether we can obtain sufficient capital to sustain and grow its business;

•        our ability to manage its growth;

•        the contractual terms of one or more agreements with third-party manufacturers;

•        whether we can manage relationships with key suppliers and partners;

•        the timing and costs of the required marketing and promotional efforts;

•        the timing and cost of each sale or RaaS subscription;

•        whether customers and their employees will adopt the ocean robotic systems offered by us;

•        the timing required and success of customer testing of our technology;

•        competition, including from established and future competitors;

•        our ability to retain existing key management, to attract additional leaders, to integrate recent hires and to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel, including engineers, design and production personnel, and service technicians;

•        the overall strength and stability of domestic and international economies;

•        demand for currently available and future ocean robots;

•        regulatory, legislative, and political changes; and

•        customer requirements and preferences.

Unfavorable changes in any of these or other factors, most of which are beyond our control, could cause us to fail to meet its operating and financial projections and could materially and adversely affect its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We rely on third party manufacturers/suppliers and expect to continue to do so for the foreseeable future. This reliance on third parties increases the risk that we will not have sufficient quantities of our products or such quantities at an acceptable cost, which could delay, prevent or impair our development or commercialization efforts.

We rely, and expect to continue to rely, on third party manufacturers/suppliers. This reliance on third party manufacturers/suppliers increases the risk that we will not have sufficient quantities of our products or such quantities at an acceptable cost, which could delay, prevent or impair our development or commercialization efforts. Additionally, we may be unable to establish or continue any agreements with third-party manufacturers/suppliers or to do so on acceptable terms. Even if we are able to establish agreements with third-party manufacturers/suppliers, reliance on third-party manufacturers/suppliers entails additional risks, including:

•        failure of third-party manufacturers/suppliers to comply with regulatory requirements and maintain quality assurance;

•        breach of the manufacturing/supply agreement by the third party;

•        failure to manufacture/supply our product according to our specifications;

•        failure to manufacture/supply our product according to our schedule or at all;

•        misappropriation of our proprietary information, including our trade secrets and know-how; and

•        termination or nonrenewal of the agreement by the third party at a time that is costly or inconvenient for us.

If our current or future third-party manufacturers/suppliers cannot perform as agreed, we may be required to replace such manufacturers/suppliers and we may be unable to replace them on a timely basis or at all. Our current and anticipated future dependence upon third party manufacturers/suppliers may adversely affect our future profit margins and our ability to commercialize any products that receive marketing approval on a timely and competitive basis.

The wide scale commercial RaaS launch of our fleet, Aquanaut and Hydronaut, may be delayed beyond the end of 2023.

We expect to commercially launch our RaaS business model to the public at large during 2023, with the currently available preproduction Hydronauts and preproduction Aquanauts in our inventory, and we anticipate a wider scale deployment of the Raas business model expected in late 2023 or beyond. A delay in the delivery and readiness of its core product, Aquanaut, due to the factors mentioned below would also delay the generation of revenue through the RaaS business model. Both Aquanaut and the subsequent RaaS revenue stream may be delayed if the risks mentioned herein are not mitigated. Among the significant current challenges that could delay the commercial launch are:

•        The COVID-19 pandemic and general labor shortages of qualified applicants has affected and may continue to affect our ability to recruit skilled employees to join its team, negatively affecting the timeline.

•        Nauticus and its suppliers are currently experiencing increases in cost of and an interruption in the supply and shortage of materials. Due to the nature of our products, each unit contains several major subsystem components. Difficulty securing any components and materials could result in delays in the production of these platforms, which delays could be compounded if components or units require redesign.

•        Delays in the production of Aquanaut due to these challenges also affect negotiations with third party contract manufacturers, as such negotiations are more complicated if the units and/or components are undergoing improvements. If we are unable to enter into definitive agreements or is only able to do so on terms that are less commercially favorable to us, we may need to enhance our own manufacturing and production capabilities, which may impact our operating expenditures and profitability.

Our financial projections, particularly its projected increases in revenue starting in 2023, were premised on a commercial launch of the RaaS business model by the 4th quarter, 2022. Delays in this launch into or beyond 2023 will result in a commensurate delay in revenues and profitability.

We have limited experience commercializing its products at a large scale and may not be able to do so efficiently or effectively.

Although we have sold products to a limited number of individual customers in the past, we have limited experience commercializing ocean robotic systems at a large scale and may not be able to do so efficiently or effectively. A key element of our long-term business strategy is the continued growth in sales, marketing, training,

customer service and maintenance and servicing operations, including hiring personnel with the necessary experience. Managing and maintaining these operations is expensive and time consuming, and an inability to leverage such an organization effectively or at all could inhibit potential sales or subscriptions and the penetration and adoption of our products into new markets. In addition, certain decisions we make regarding staffing in these areas in its efforts to maintain an adequate spending level could have unintended negative effects on its revenues, such as by weakening the sales, marketing and maintenance and servicing infrastructures or lowering the quality of customer service.

Our business plans require a significant amount of capital. Our future capital needs may require us to sell additional equity or debt securities that may dilute its stockholders or introduce covenants that may restrict its operations or its ability to pay dividends.

We will require significant capital to operate its business and fund its capital expenditures for the next several years. While we expect that following the Business Combination, we will have sufficient capital to fund its currently planned operations for the foreseeable future, it is possible that we will need to raise additional capital to fund its business, including to finance ongoing research and development costs, manufacturing, any significant unplanned or accelerated expenses, and new strategic alliances or acquisitions. The fact that we have limited experience commercializing its ocean robotic systems on a large scale, coupled with the fact that our products represent a new product category in the commercial and industrial ocean robotic market, means we have limited historical data on the demand for its robotic systems. In addition, we expect our capital expenditures to continue to be significant in the foreseeable future as we continue generational improvements for its commercial products, and that our level of capital expenditures will be significantly affected by customer demand for our ocean robotic systems. As a result, our future capital requirements may be uncertain and actual capital requirements may be different from those we currently anticipates. We may need to seek equity or debt financing to finance a portion of its capital expenditures. Such financing might not be available to us in a timely manner or on terms that are acceptable, or at all.

Our ability to obtain the necessary financing to carry out its business plan is subject to a number of factors, including general market conditions and investor acceptance of our business model. These factors may make the timing, amount, terms, and conditions of such financing unattractive or unavailable to us. If we are unable to raise sufficient funds, we will have to significantly reduce its spending, delay or cancel its planned activities or substantially change its corporate structure. We might not be able to obtain any funding, and we might not have sufficient resources to conduct business as projected, both of which could mean that we would be forced to curtail or discontinue our operations.

In addition, our future capital needs and other business reasons could require us to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain a credit facility. The sale of additional equity or equity-linked securities could dilute our stockholders. Because the exercise price of the Public Warrants and Private Warrants substantially exceeds the current trading price of our Common Stock, holders are unlikely to exercise such warrants in the near future, if at all, and as a result our Public Warrants and Private Warrants may not provide any additional capital. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could result in operating and financing covenants that would restrict our operations.

If we cannot raise additional funds when it needs or want them, its operations and prospects could be negatively affected.

Our products and services are disruptive to the ocean services industries, and important assumptions about the market demand, pricing, adoption rates and sales cycle, for its current and future products and services may be inaccurate.

Our core offering, our tetherless surface and subsea robot pair, are a new service paradigm in the ocean services markets and which are currently dominated by conventional, tethered devices with large surface vessels. The market demand for and adoption of our offering is unproven, and important assumptions about the characteristics of targeted markets, pricing, and sales cycles may be inaccurate. Although we have engaged in ongoing dialogue with potential customers, we have few binding commitments to purchase products and services and no hard commitments to enter into RaaS subscriptions. Existing or new regulatory or safety standards, or resistance by customer employees and labor unions, all of which are outside of our control, could cause delays or otherwise impair adoption of these new technologies, which will adversely affect our growth, financial position, and prospects. Given the evolving nature of the markets in which we operate, it is difficult to predict customer demand or adoption rates for our products or the

future growth of the markets we expect to target. If one or more of the targeted markets experience a shift in customer or prospective customer demand, our products may not compete as effectively, if at all, and they may not be fully developed into commercial products. As a result, the financial projections in this prospectus necessarily reflect various estimates and assumptions that may not prove accurate and these projections could differ materially from actual results because of the risks included in this “Risk Factors” section, among others. If demand does not develop as expected or if we cannot accurately forecast pricing, adoption rates and sales cycle for its products, its business, results of operations and financial condition will be adversely affected.

With our service offering still being commercialized at a large scale, we have limited current customers and no hard contracts for the RaaS offering, and there is no assurance that expected customer demand will result in binding orders or subscriptions.

We expect to launch our core RaaS offering during 2023 with the currently available preproduction Hydronauts and preproduction Aquanauts in our inventory and we anticipate a wider scale deployment of the Raas business model expected in late 2023 or beyond. This evaluation is based on the time to complete production of the initial commercial RaaS fleet. With initial fleet still under production, we have no binding commitments for our RaaS offering. At present, we have contracts for delivery of pre-production units with U.S. government customers and we also have had and currently have revenue generating contracts with both commercial and U.S. Government customers. Pre-production means that the unit that has not gone through a subsequent design evolution for mass production (defined as tens of units per year). Although we have engaged in dialogue (i.e. MOUs) with potential customers about their interest in our offering, there is no assurance that expected customer trials and discussions will result in binding commitments. There may be variability in the customer testing time that will be required to adopt its RaaS offering. As such, customer testing may be longer than anticipated, and we may not be able to provide such testing to the satisfaction of prospective customers, which could result in longer sales cycles and lower subscriptions revenue than anticipated. In addition, in order to build and maintain its business, we must maintain confidence among customers, suppliers, analysts, ratings agencies and other parties in our ocean robotic systems, long-term financial viability and business prospects. Maintaining such confidence may be particularly complicated by certain factors including those that are largely outside of our control, such as its limited commercial experience, customer unfamiliarity with its products, any delays in scaling production, inability of delivery and service operations to meet demand, competition and uncertainty regarding the future of ocean robotics. If we do not receive a sufficient number of binding orders for our products or RaaS subscriptions, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results could be materially and adversely affected.

The benefits of our products to customers and projected return on investment have not been substantiated through long-term trials or use.

Our core products’ benefits to customers and projected return on investment have not been substantiated through long-term trials or use. We currently has a limited frame of reference by which to evaluate the performance of our ocean robotic systems upon which our business prospects depend. There can be no assurance that such units will provide the expected benefit to customers. Our ocean robotic systems may not perform consistently with customers’ expectations or consistently with other robotics products which may become available. Any failure of our robotic systems and software to perform as expected could harm our reputation and result in adverse publicity, lost revenue, delivery delays, product recalls, product liability claims and significant warranty and other expenses and could have a material adverse impact on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. Additionally, problems and defects experienced by competitors or others in the ocean robotics market could, by association, have a negative impact on perception and customer demand for our ocean robotic systems.

We may fail to attract or retain customers for RaaS business model at sufficient rates or at all.

We have limited experience commercializing its RaaS business model and may not be able to do so efficiently or effectively. Although we have engaged in ongoing dialogue with potential future customers, there are currently no binding commitments with commercial customers to enter into RaaS agreements with respect to its ocean services. To grow our customer base, we must achieve binding commitments from expected customers and add new customers, which we may not be able to do in sufficient numbers or at all. Even if we are able to attract customers, these customers may not maintain a high level of commitment to our products and services. In addition, we will incur marketing, sales or other expenses, including referral fees, to attract new customers, which will offset revenues from such customers. For these and other reasons, we could fail to achieve revenue growth, which could adversely affect our results of operations, prospects and financial condition.

If customers or their employees do not perceive our product and service offerings to be of value, we may not be able to attract and retain customers and customers may fail to purchase additional units or renew their RaaS subscriptions. If our efforts to satisfy and retain its existing customers are not successful, we may not be able to attract customers, and as a result, its ability to maintain and/or grow our business will be adversely affected. Customers may fail to purchase additional units or cancel our subscription/contracts for many reasons including inadequate customer service or maintenance and servicing issues that are not satisfactorily resolved. Customer retention will also be largely dependent on the quality and effectiveness of our customer service and maintenance and servicing operations, which may be handled internally by our personnel and also by third-party service providers. Outsourcing of certain customer service and claims administration or maintenance and servicing functions may reduce our ability to ensure consistency in its overall customer service processes. If we are unable to successfully retain existing customers and attract new customers, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be adversely affected.

Even if we successfully markets our products and services, the purchase or subscription, adoption and use of the products and services may be materially and negatively impacted if our customers resist the use and adoption of the products and services.

We have designed and developed our robotic systems with the goal of reducing operating costs and greenhouse gases through the use of smaller surface vessels (Hydronaut) and all electric robot subsystems. Even if we successfully market our products and services to customers, the purchase or subscription, adoption and the use of the products and services may be materially and negatively impacted if our customers resist or delay the use and adoption of these new technology products and services. Customers may resist or delay the adoption of our products and services for several reasons, including lack of confidence in autonomous and semi-autonomous ocean vehicles. We will spend significant time and resources on beta units of our Aquanaut for customer testing. If our customers resist or delay adoption of our ocean robotic platforms, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be materially and adversely affected.

Our RaaS subscription model (planned for future commercial services but yet to be implemented) has yet to be tested and may fail to gain commercial acceptance.

Our ability to derive revenue from its products depends on its ability to successfully market its products and develop a network of ongoing customers for its new RaaS revenue model. Investors should be aware of the difficulties normally encountered by a new business model, many of which are beyond our control, including substantial risks and expenses while establishing or entering new markets, setting up operations and undertaking marketing activities. There can be no assurance that customers will perceive benefits to the RaaS subscription model.

Because we will continue to own units while they are used by the customers, we will be subject to risks associated with ongoing ownership of the units, including the risks of deterioration, damage or theft and higher maintenance and servicing costs. All of these could result in higher costs to us, and could lead to customer dissatisfaction. The likelihood of our success must be considered in light of these risks, expenses, complications, delays, and the competitive environment in which we operate. There is, therefore, nothing at this time upon which to base an assumption that our RaaS business model will prove successful.

If we are successful in commercializing its products and services, our revenue will be concentrated in a limited number of models for the foreseeable future.

If we are successful in commercializing its products and services, its revenue will be concentrated in a limited number of models for the foreseeable future. We launched the Aquanaut platform in 2021 and expect to launch the commercial production versions of the Aquanaut robotic system under the RaaS business model in 2023. Such timeline may be delayed, including due to challenges in recruiting skilled employees, difficulties in securing components and materials, development delays, difficulties relating to manufacturing of the units and other factors. Such challenges may result in delay of the anticipated commercial launch of one or more of the products and services, which would adversely affect our financial and operating results. To the extent our products and services do not meet customer expectations, or cannot be completed or manufactured or delivered on their projected timelines and in line with cost and volume targets, our future sales and operating results may be adversely affected. Given that for the foreseeable future our business will depend on a limited number of product models, to the extent a particular product model is not well-received by the market, our revenue could be materially and adversely affected. This could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We may not be able to complete or enhance our product and service offerings through our research and development efforts.

To commercially launch the RaaS business model, we will need to continue to advance and evolve our products in response to the evolving demands of its customers in the various industries we expect to serve. Each of our commercial products and setup of associated services will require significant additional expenses, and we may not be successful in commercializing or marketing such products and services at all or within the currently expected timeline.

In addition, notwithstanding our market research efforts, our future products and services may not be accepted by customers or their employees. The success of any proposed product and service offerings will depend on numerous factors, including our ability to:

•        attract, recruit and retain qualified personnel, including engineers, design and production personnel and service technicians;

•        identify the preferred product and service features in multiple industries, such as offshore wind energy, defense, and subsea oil and gas and successfully incorporate those features into our products;

•        develop and introduce proposed products and services in sufficient quality and quantities and in a timely manner;

•        adequately protect our intellectual property and avoid infringing upon the intellectual property rights of third parties; and

•        demonstrate the cost savings and efficacy of the proposed products and services.

We have managed and expects to continue to manage its product development efforts through the development of alpha units, beta units and commercial units. If we fail to adequately communicate to customers the improvements that are expected from one development stage to the next, or if customer feedback from one development stage is not adequately reflected in the next, customers may not be persuaded of the value of our products and services. If we fail to generate demand by developing products that incorporate features desired by customers, we may fail to generate RaaS subscriptions sufficient to achieve or maintain profitability. We have in the past experienced, and may in the future experience, delays in various phases of product development, including during research and development, manufacturing, limited release testing, marketing and customer education efforts. Further, delays in product development would postpone demonstrations and customer testing, important opportunities for customer engagement, and cause us to miss expected timelines. Such delays could cause customers to delay or forgo purchases of or subscriptions to our products and services, or to purchase or subscribe for competitors’ products and services. Even if we are able to successfully develop proposed products when anticipated, these products and their related services may not produce revenue in excess of the costs of development and service, and they may be quickly rendered obsolete by changing customer preferences or the introduction by competitors of products and services embodying new technologies or features. If we are is unable to successfully manage its product development and communications with customers, customers may choose to not adopt, to cancel or to not renew RaaS subscriptions, which would adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition, and operating results.

Defects, glitches, or malfunctions in our products or the software that operates them, failure of its products to perform as expected, connectivity issues or operator errors, result in product recalls, lower than expected return on investment for customers, cause harm to operators and significant safety concerns, each of which could adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and its reputation.

The design, manufacture, and marketing of our products involve certain inherent risks. Manufacturing or design defects, glitches, malfunctions, connectivity issues between the central processing unit and peripheral vehicle subsystems, unanticipated use of our robotic systems, operator errors or inadequate disclosure of risks relating to the use of ocean robotic systems, among others, can lead to injury, property damage or other adverse events. We conduct extensive testing of our units, in some instances in collaboration with our customers, to ensure that any such issues can be identified and addressed in advance of commercial launch of the products. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to identify all such issues or that, if identified, efforts to address them will be effective in all cases.

In addition, if the manufacturing of our products is outsourced, we may not be aware of manufacturing defects that could occur. Such adverse events could lead to unexpected failures in our products and could result, in certain cases, in the removal of its products from the market. A product recall could result in significant costs. To the extent any manufacturing defect occurs, our agreement with the third-party manufacturer may contain a limitation on the third-party manufacturer’s liability, and therefore we could be required to incur the majority of related costs. Product defects or recalls could also result in negative publicity, damage to our reputation or, in the event of regulatory developments, delays in new product acceptance.

Our products incorporate sophisticated computer software. Complex software frequently contains errors, especially when first introduced. Our software may experience errors or performance problems in the future. If any part of our products’ hardware or software were to fail, the service mission could be compromised. Additionally, users may not use our products in accordance with safety protocols and training, which could amplify the risk of failure. Customers and users also may fail to install updates and fixes to the software for several reasons including poor connectivity or inattention. Any such occurrence could cause delay in market acceptance of our products, damage to our reputation, product recalls, increased service and warranty costs, product liability claims and loss of revenue relating to such hardware or software defects.

We anticipate that as part of its ordinary course of business we may be subject to product liability claims alleging defects in the design or manufacture of its products. A product liability claim, regardless of our merit or eventual outcome, could result in significant legal defense costs and high punitive damage payments. Although we maintain product liability insurance, the coverage is subject to deductibles and limitations, and may not be adequate to cover future claims. Additionally, we may be unable to maintain our existing product liability insurance in the future at satisfactory rates or adequate amounts.

Even if our products perform properly and are used as intended, if operators sustain any injuries while using our products, we could be exposed to liability and our results of operations, financial condition, and our reputation may be adversely affected.

Our products contain complex technology and must be used as designed and intended in order to operate safely and effectively. While we expect to develop a training, customer service and maintenance and servicing infrastructure to ensure users are equipped to operate its products in a safe manner, we cannot be sure that the products will ultimately be used as designed and intended. In addition, we cannot be sure that we will be able to predict all the ways in which use or misuse of the products can lead to injury or damage to property, and our training resources may not be successful at preventing all incidents. If operators were to sustain any injuries or cause any damage to property while using our products, in a manner consistent with our training and instructions or otherwise, we could be exposed to liability and its results of operations, financial condition and its reputation may be adversely affected.

We have no experience maintaining or servicing our products at a large scale.

Under the RaaS subscription (planned for future commercial services but yet to be implemented) or conventional service contract model, we will be responsible for maintenance and servicing of the units. However, we have no experience providing maintenance and servicing on a global scale. We may elect to partner with one or more third parties to perform some or all of the servicing and maintenance on our products, but there can be no assurance that we will be able to enter into an acceptable arrangement with any such third-party provider. Although such servicing partners may have experience in servicing complex machinery, they will initially have limited experience in servicing our ocean vehicles. If we are unable or elect not to enter into a partnership with third parties to perform maintenance and servicing, we would be required to provide such services directly, which would significantly increase our capital expenditures and personnel costs. We would also be required to recruit and train employees to provide these services and we may not be able to attract persons with the necessary knowledge or experience to provide these services. Delays in implementing a maintenance and servicing infrastructure may significantly delay new RaaS subscriptions due to smaller than expected maintenance and servicing capacity.

In addition, there can be no assurance that our service and maintenance arrangements will adequately address the service and maintenance requirements of our customers to their satisfaction, or that we and our servicing partners will have sufficient resources, experience or inventory to meet these service requirements in a timely manner as the volume of robotic systems we deliver increases. Even if we and our servicing partners have the sufficient resources and experience needed, they still may not adequately service or maintain the units. If we are unable to, directly or

through third party partners, roll out and establish a widespread service network, including on-site services, customer satisfaction could be adversely affected, which in turn could materially and adversely affect our reputation and thus its sales, results of operations and prospects.

Our customers will also depend on our customer support team to resolve technical and operational issues relating to the integrated software underlying our ocean robotic systems. In addition, the RaaS subscription model will require Nauticus to cover costs relating to servicing and maintenance of the robotic systems. Customer behavior and usage may result in higher than expected maintenance and repair costs. Moreover, if RaaS customers do not pay the subscription fee while the units are out of service, there could be an adverse impact on our financial condition and operating results.

As we continue to grow, additional pressure may be placed on our customer support team or partners, and we may be unable to respond quickly enough to accommodate short-term increases in customer demand for technical support. We also may be unable to modify the future scope and delivery of our technical support to compete with changes in the technical support provided by our competitors. Increased customer demand for support, without corresponding revenue, could increase costs and negatively affect our operating results. If we are unable to successfully address the service requirements of our customers or establish a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality support, we may be subject to claims from our customers, including loss of revenue or damages, and our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results may be materially and adversely affected.

Our ability to manufacture products of sufficient quality on schedule is unproven, and delays in the design, production and launch of our products could harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Our future business depends in large part on our ability to execute our plans to design, develop, manufacture, market, deploy and service its products. We intend to outsource the manufacturing of our ocean robotic systems to a third-party manufacturing partner. While this arrangement may lower operating costs, it also reduces our direct control over production and manufacturing. Such diminished control may have an adverse effect on the quality or quantity of our units, or our flexibility to respond to changing conditions.

We also plan to retain third-party vendors and service providers to engineer, design and test some of the critical systems and components of our units. While this allows us to draw from such third parties’ industry knowledge and expertise, there can be no assurance such systems and components will be successfully developed to our specifications or delivered in a timely manner to meet our program timing requirements.

Our continued development and manufacturing of our commercially available robotic system, Aquanaut, and its future models, including Argonaut, are and will be subject to risks, including with respect to:

•        costs to be incurred by us and/or any third-party manufacturing partner or partners in meeting our specifications and design tolerances;

•        the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic or other pandemics, epidemics or outbreaks;

•        hiring and retaining a sufficient number of qualified employees. We have historically been understaffed due to these challenges;

•        long- and short-term durability of our ocean robotic systems to withstand day-to-day wear and tear;

•        delays in delivery of final systems and components by our suppliers;

•        manufacturing of robotic systems units in excess of demand due to contractual requirements or unexpected changes in demand;

•        shifts in demand for future models;

•        quality controls, particularly as our plans to expand its production capabilities;

•        delays or disruptions in our supply chain, or the need to order supplies in excess of demand due to batch number requirements or price thresholds;

•        work stoppages, labor strikes and other labor disputes affecting us or our suppliers, third-party manufacturers and other partners; and

•        other delays and cost overruns.

We are or may be subject to risks associated with strategic alliances or acquisitions and may not be able to identify adequate strategic relationship opportunities, or form strategic relationships, in the future.

We may seek to enter into strategic alliances, joint ventures, minority equity investments, acquisitions, collaborations and in-license arrangements. There is no guarantee that any of these partnerships or acquisitions would lead to any binding agreements or lasting or successful business relationships with third parties. If any of these relationships are established, they may subject us to a number of risks, including risks associated with sharing proprietary information, non-performance by the third-party and increased expenses in establishing new relationships, any of which may materially and adversely affect our business. We may have limited ability to monitor or control the actions of these third parties and, to the extent any of these strategic third parties suffers negative publicity or harm to their reputation from events relating to their business, we may also suffer negative publicity or harm to its reputation by virtue of our association with any such third-party.

Strategic business relationships will be an important factor in the growth and success of our business. However, there are no assurances that we will be able to identify or secure suitable business relationship opportunities in the future or our competitors may capitalize on such opportunities before we do. Moreover, identifying such opportunities could require substantial management time and resources, and negotiating and financing relationships involves significant costs and uncertainties. If we are unable to successfully source and execute on strategic relationship opportunities in the future, our overall growth could be impaired, and our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results could be materially adversely affected.

When appropriate opportunities arise, we have in the past, and may in the future acquire additional assets, products, technologies or businesses that are complementary to our existing business. From time to time, the sellers of these assets, products and technologies or business may retain limited rights to the technology that they sell to us, which in some circumstances could allow the sellers to compete with us in a limited fashion. In addition to possible stockholder approval, we may need approvals and licenses from relevant government authorities for the acquisitions and to comply with any applicable laws and regulations, which could result in increased delay and costs, and may disrupt our business strategy if we fail to do so. Furthermore, acquisitions and the subsequent integration of new assets and businesses into our own require significant attention from our management and could result in a diversion of resources from our existing business, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our operations and financial results. Acquired assets or businesses may not generate the financial results we expect. Acquisitions could result in the use of substantial amounts of cash, potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, the occurrence of significant goodwill impairment charges, amortization expenses for other intangible assets and exposure to potential unknown liabilities of the acquired business. Moreover, the costs of identifying and consummating acquisitions may be significant.

We are highly dependent on the services of our senior management and other key employees and, if we are unable to attract and retain a sufficient number of qualified employees, our ability to design, manufacture and launch our products, operate its business and compete could be harmed.

Our success depends, in part, on our ability to retain our key personnel. We expect that we will be required to increase compensation levels of senior management and key employees to remain competitive with our peers. The unexpected loss of or failure to retain one or more of our senior managers or other key employees could delay product development and require outsourcing to third parties, each of which in turn could adversely affect our business. Our success also depends, in part, on our continuing ability to identify, hire, attract, train and develop other highly qualified personnel. Experienced and highly skilled employees are in high demand and competition for these employees can be intense, and our ability to hire, attract and retain them depends on its ability to provide competitive compensation. We may not be able to attract, assimilate, develop or retain qualified personnel in the future, and our failure to do so could adversely affect our business, including the execution of its strategy. Any failure by our management team and our employees to perform as expected may have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Our management as a group has limited experience in operating a public company.

Our management team may not successfully or effectively manage its transition to a public company that will be subject to significant regulatory oversight and reporting obligations under federal securities laws. our executive officers as a group have limited experience in the management of a publicly traded company. Their limited experience in dealing with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies could be a significant disadvantage in that it is likely that an increasing amount of their time may be devoted to these activities which will result in less time being devoted to the management and growth of the post-combination company. We will need to recruit additional persons to join its management team in order to handle the increased demands of running a public company, but our efforts may not be successful. We may not have adequate personnel with the appropriate level of knowledge, experience and training in the accounting policies, practices or internal control over financial reporting required of public companies. Any failure by our management team to perform as expected may have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, and operating results.

We will incur significant increased expenses and administrative burdens as a public company, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company, and these expenses may increase even more after we are no longer an emerging growth company, as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act. As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, as well as rules adopted, and to be adopted, by the SEC and Nasdaq. Our management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. It is possible that we will be required to expand our employee base and hire additional employees to support our operations as a public company which will increase our operating costs in future periods. Moreover, we expect these rules and regulations to substantially increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time-consuming and costly. The increased costs will increase our net loss. For example, we expect it to become more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance and we may be forced to incur substantially higher costs to obtain appropriate coverage. We cannot accurately predict or estimate the amount or timing of additional costs we may incur. The impact of being a public company could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors, our board committees or as executive officers. Such increased expenses and administrative burdens involved in operating as a public company could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, and operating results.

Ongoing impacts from COVID-19 or another pandemic, epidemic or outbreak of an infectious disease may materially and adversely impact our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

The global spread of COVID-19 has created significant market volatility and economic uncertainty and disruption during 2021 and continuing into 2022. We were adversely affected by the deterioration and increased uncertainty in the macroeconomic outlook as a result of the impact of COVID-19. We have experienced and may continue to experience disruptions in our supply chain, due in part to the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Depending upon the duration of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the associated business interruptions, our customers, suppliers, manufacturers and partners may suspend or delay their engagements with us, which could result in a material adverse effect on our financial condition and ability to meet current timelines. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected and may continue to affect our ability to recruit skilled employees to join our team. The conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have adversely affected and may continue to adversely affect, among other things, demand for our products and the ability to test and assess our robotic systems with potential customers any of which adversely affects our business, results of operations and financial condition. The duration and extent of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts cannot be accurately predicted at this time, and the ultimate direct and indirect impacts on our business, results of operations and financial condition will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain.

The ongoing military action between Russia and Ukraine could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

On February 24, 2022, Russian military forces launched a military action in Ukraine, and sustained conflict and disruption in the region is likely. Although the length, impact and outcome of the ongoing military conflict in Ukraine is highly unpredictable, this conflict could lead to significant market and other disruptions, including

significant volatility in commodity prices and supply of energy resources, instability in financial markets, supply chain interruptions, political and social instability, changes in consumer or purchaser preferences as well as increase in cyberattacks and espionage.

Russia’s recognition of two separatist republics in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine and subsequent military action against Ukraine have led to an unprecedented expansion of sanction programs imposed by the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, Canada, Switzerland, Japan and other countries against Russia, Belarus, the Crimea Region of Ukraine, the so-called Donetsk People’s Republic and the so-called Luhansk People’s Republic, including, among others:

•        blocking sanctions against some of the largest state-owned and private Russian financial institutions (and their subsequent removal from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (“SWIFT”) payment system) and certain Russian businesses, some of which have significant financial and trade ties to the European Union;

•        blocking sanctions against Russian and Belarusian individuals, including the Russian President, other politicians and those with government connections or involved in Russian military activities; and

•        blocking of Russia’s foreign currency reserves as well as expansion of sectoral sanctions and export and trade restrictions, limitations on investments and access to capital markets and bans on various Russian imports.

While we do not currently have operations in Ukraine, Russia or Belarus, we are nevertheless actively monitoring the situation in Ukraine and assessing its impact on our business, including our business partners and customers. To date we have not experienced any material interruptions in our infrastructure, supplies, technology systems or networks needed to support our operations. We have no way to predict the progress or outcome of the conflict in Ukraine or its impacts in Ukraine, Russia or Belarus as the conflict, and any resulting government reactions, are rapidly developing and beyond our control. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions could be significant and could potentially have substantial impact on the global economy and our business for an unknown period of time. Any of the abovementioned factors could affect our business, financial condition and operating results. Any such disruptions may also magnify the impact of other risks described herein.

We may become subject to new or changing governmental regulations relating to the design, manufacturing, marketing, distribution, servicing, or use of its products, and a failure to comply with such regulations could lead to withdrawal or recall of our products from the market, delay our projected revenues, increase cost, or make our business unviable if we are unable to modify its products to comply.

We may become subject to new or changing international, federal, state and local regulations, including laws relating to the design, manufacturing, marketing, distribution, servicing or use of its products. Such laws and regulations may require us to pause sales and modify its products, which could result in a material adverse effect on our revenues and financial condition. Such laws and regulations can also give rise to liability such as fines and penalties, property damage, bodily injury and cleanup costs. Capital and operating expenses needed to comply with laws and regulations can be significant, and violations may result in substantial fines and penalties, third-party damages, suspension of production or a cessation of our operations. Any failure to comply with such laws or regulations could lead to withdrawal or recall of our products from the market.

We may experience significant delays in the design, development, production and launch of our ocean robotic systems, which could harm its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Our core products, including the Argonaut, Aquanaut, Olympic Arm and ToolKITT, are currently offered through direct sales and will be offered for lease through RaaS when available, we expect that the nature of these products will require continuous improvements and further testing throughout their product and generational lifecycle in order to innovate and develop these products fully. Manufacturing and deliveries of the Aquanaut, to public commercial clients, are not expected to begin until early 2023, and may occur later or not at all. Such timeline may be delayed, including due to challenges in recruiting skilled employees, difficulties in securing components and materials, development delays, difficulties relating to manufacturing of the units and other factors. Any delay in the design, development, production and release of our products could materially damage our brand, business, prospects, financial condition

and operating results. We may experience delays in the design, development, production and release of new products, including due to integration, safety and performance issues. To the extent we delay the commercial launch of our ocean robotic systems, our growth prospects and operating results will likely be adversely affected.

We have no experience to date in high volume manufacture of its products, nor does it have the facility, employees or equipment needed to manufacture its products in high volume.

We intend to enter into contracts with one or more third-party manufacturers to produce our ocean vehicles. We do not know whether its future third-party manufacturers will be able to develop efficient, automated, low-cost production capabilities and processes and reliable sources of component supply, that will enable us to meet the quality, price, engineering, design and production standards, as well as the production volumes, required to successfully market our robotic systems. Even if we and our third-party manufacturers are successful in developing our production capability and processes and reliably source our components, we do not know whether we will be able to do so in a manner that avoids significant delays and cost overruns, including as a result of factors beyond its control such as problems with suppliers and vendors, or force majeure events, or in time to meet our unit commercialization schedules or to satisfy the requirements of customers and potential customers.

If we are unable to enter into agreements with third-party manufacturers on acceptable terms, we will need to develop our own manufacturing and production capabilities, significantly increasing our capital expenditures and delaying production of our ocean robotic systems. If this were to occur, we would need raise or borrow additional money, which may not be successful, and possibly change the anticipated pricing of its RaaS subscription model, which would adversely affect our margins and cash flows.

Any failure to develop production processes and capabilities within our projected costs and timelines could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

The period of time from initial design of our products to obtaining binding purchase commitments from customers is long and we are subject to the risk that customers who initially expressed an interest in our products during the design phase will not enter into binding commitments.

Our products contain complex technology that requires multiple years of engineering and design. Therefore, the period of time from initial design of our products to obtaining binding purchase commitments from customers is long and we are subject to the risk that customers who initially expressed an interest in our products during the design phase will not enter into binding commitments. Our design of our products is significantly influenced by feedback from potential customers and reflect the needs they expressed. As a result, adapting our products to other industries or customers may require additional design, development, testing, work and expenses. We cannot be sure that we will be able to adapt its products to reflect such feedback successfully or at all. If customers who initially express an interest in our proposed products and influenced their design ultimately decide to not enter into binding commitments or to adopt a competitors’ technology, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results would be adversely affected.

Our ability to control costs and liability is dependent on developing sufficient screening criteria for its RaaS customers.

Our ability to realize revenue and reduce liability related to its RaaS subscription model (planned for future commercial services but yet to be implemented) is heavily dependent on our ability to effectively screen customers for high risk activities or environments that could result in higher costs for us. We have limited experience with its RaaS subscription model, a service planned for future commercial use but yet to be implemented, and may not be able to effectively develop effective customer screening criteria. We may need to rely on third-party service providers to develop effective screening criteria, which will result in additional cost to us. Our screening criteria may also need to be adjusted over time to satisfy requirements under applicable law, from its insurers, lenders or from other third-party service providers. We must balance the need to develop effective screening criteria with its need to attract new customers or market to different industry segments.

Our business and prospects depend significantly on its ability to build the Nauticus brand. We may not succeed in continuing to establish, maintain and strengthen the Nauticus brand, and our brand and reputation could be harmed by negative publicity regarding us or our products.

Our business and prospects are heavily dependent on its ability to develop, maintain and strengthen the Nauticus brand. If we do not continue to establish, maintain and strengthen our brand, we may lose the opportunity to build a critical mass of customers. Promoting and positioning our brand will likely depend significantly on our ability to provide high quality products and engage with its customers as intended. In addition, our ability to develop, maintain and strengthen the Nauticus brand may depend on the acceptance of our products by employees of our customers. To promote our brand, we may be required to change our customer development and branding practices, which could result in substantially increased expenses, including the need to use traditional media including print media. If we do not develop and maintain a strong brand, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be materially and adversely impacted.

In addition, if incidents occur or are perceived to have occurred, whether or not such incidents are our fault, we could be subject to adverse publicity. In particular, given the popularity of social media, any negative publicity, whether true or not, could quickly proliferate and harm perceptions and confidence in the Nauticus brand. Furthermore, there is the risk of potential adverse publicity related to our manufacturing or other partners whether or not such publicity is related to their collaboration with us. Our ability to successfully position our brand could also be adversely affected by perceptions about the quality of its competitors’ products.

We are dependent on our suppliers, some of which are currently single or limited source suppliers, and the inability of these suppliers to deliver necessary components of our products at prices and volumes, performance and specifications acceptable to us, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. We have not yet identified all of the suppliers that we are likely to rely on to support any future commercialization of its core products.

We rely on third-party suppliers for the provision and development of many of the key components and materials used in its products. We have not yet identified all of the suppliers, contractors and other third parties that we are likely to rely on to support any future commercialization of our core products. While we plan to obtain components from multiple sources whenever possible, some of the components used in our products may have to be purchased by us from a single source. If our third-party suppliers are unable to supply key components and materials at the required volume, our sales, revenues and profitability will likely be adversely affected. Our third-party suppliers may also not be able to meet the specifications and performance characteristics required by us, which would impact our ability to achieve our product specifications and performance characteristics as well. Additionally, our third-party suppliers may be unable to obtain required certifications for their products for which we plan to use or provide warranties that are necessary for our solutions. If we are unable to obtain components and materials used in our products from our suppliers, our business would be adversely affected.

We have less negotiating leverage with suppliers than larger and more established companies and may not be able to obtain favorable pricing and other terms. For example, agreements with suppliers may include terms that are unfavorable to us, such as requirements that we order components and manufacturing units in excess of our demand due to batch number requirements or price thresholds. While we believe that it may be able to establish alternate supply relationships and can obtain or engineer replacement components for its single source components, we may be unable to do so in the short term, or at all, at prices or quality levels that are favorable to us, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Moreover, we and our suppliers are currently experiencing increases in the cost of, and an interruption in, the supply or shortage of materials. It is unclear how long these challenges will remain. Due to the complexity of our products, each unit is expected to contain several thousand components. Difficulty securing any components and materials could result in delays in the development of these core products, which delays could be compounded if components or units require redesign or reengineering. Any sustained increase, supply interruption or shortage could therefore prevent or delay the commercialization of our products and materially and negatively impact our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. We and our suppliers use various materials in their businesses and products, including for example semiconductors, energy storage materials, commodity materials and specialty metal

alloys, and the prices for these materials fluctuate. The available supply of some of these materials and components is currently and may continue to be unstable, depending on market conditions and global demand, and could adversely affect our business and operating results. Risks relating to our supply chain include:

•        “Buy American” or other similar requirements that may be imposed on government contractors;

•        an increase in the cost, or decrease in the available supply, of semiconductor chips, electrical components, commodity materials and specialty alloys;

•        disruption in the supply of lithium ion batteries due to quality issues or recalls; and

•        fluctuations in the value of any foreign currencies in which manufactured parts, commercial components and related raw material purchases are or may be denominated against the U.S. dollar.

Our business is also dependent on the continued supply of lithium ion battery cells. While we believe several sources of cells are available, we have to date not finally sourced or validated a supplier for our commercial production and we may have limited flexibility in changing cell suppliers once contracted. Any disruption in the supply of battery cells from such suppliers could disrupt production of our products. Furthermore, fluctuations or shortages in raw materials or components and other economic conditions may cause us to experience significant increases in freight charges and material costs. Substantial increases in the prices for our materials or prices charged to us, such as those charged by battery cell suppliers, would increase our operating costs, and could reduce our margins if the increased costs cannot be recouped through increased RaaS subscription offering or unit sales prices. Any attempts to increase product prices in response to increased material costs could result in cancellations of orders and reservations and therefore materially and adversely affect our brand, image, business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Our potential transition to an outsourced manufacturing business model may not be successful, which could harm its ability to deliver products and recognize revenue.

We intend to transition from a manufacturing model in which it primarily manufactured and assembled its products at a smaller scale at its existing Webster, Texas location, to one where it relies on one or more third-party manufacturers. We are in negotiations with third parties to provide contract manufacturing of its products. Moreover, we may not be able to contract with potential counterparties on commercially reasonable terms or at all. We believe the use of third-party manufacturers will have benefits, but in the near term, while we are beginning manufacturing with one or more new partners, we may lose revenue and incur increased costs.

Reliance on third-party manufacturers reduces our control over the manufacturing process, including reduced control over quality, product costs and product supply and timing. We may experience delays in shipments or issues concerning product quality from our third-party manufacturers. If any of our third-party manufacturers experience interruptions, delays or disruptions in supplying its products, including by natural disasters, the global COVID-19 pandemic, other health epidemics and outbreaks, or work stoppages or capacity constraints, our ability to ship products to distributors and customers would be delayed. In addition, unfavorable economic conditions could result in financial distress among third-party manufacturers upon which we rely, thereby increasing the risk of disruption of supplies necessary to fulfil our production requirements and meet customer demands. While we take measures to protect our trade secrets, the use of third-party manufacturers may also risk disclosure of its innovative and proprietary technologies, which could adversely affect our business.

Additionally, if any of our future third-party manufacturers experience quality control problems in their manufacturing operations and our products do not meet customer requirements, we could be required to recall the units or cover the cost of repair or replacement of any defective products. These delays or product quality issues could have an immediate and material adverse effect on our ability to fulfill orders and could have a negative effect on its operating results. In addition, such delays or issues with product quality could adversely affect our reputation and its relationship with our customers.

If any third-party manufacturers experience financial, operational, manufacturing capacity or other difficulties, or experience shortages in required components, or if they are otherwise unable or unwilling to continue to manufacture our products in required volumes or at all, our supply may be disrupted, we may be required to seek alternate manufacturers and we may be required to re-design our products. It would be time-consuming, and could be costly and impracticable, to begin to use new manufacturers and designs, and such changes could cause significant interruptions in supply and could have an adverse effect on our ability to meet scheduled product deliveries and may subsequently lead to the loss of sales.

If we are unable to contract with a third-party manufacturing partner, we would need to develop our own manufacturing facilities, which may not be feasible and, if feasible, would significantly increase our capital expenditures and operating expenditures, and would significantly delay or inhibit production of our robotic systems.

We do not have a definitive agreement with a third-party manufacturing partner to commercially manufacture its robotic ocean vehicles and it may be unable to enter into such agreements with third-party manufacturing partners and other key suppliers for manufacturing on terms and conditions acceptable to us. Although negotiations are continuing with potential counterparties, we may not be able to contract with potential counterparties on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we are unable to enter into such definitive agreements or is only able to do so on terms that are less commercially favorable to us, we may be unable to timely identify adequate strategic relationship opportunities, or form strategic relationships, and consequently, we may not be able to fully carry out its business plans. There can be no assurance that we would be able to partner with other third parties or establish its own production capacity to meet our needs on acceptable terms, or at all. The expense and time required to complete any transition and to assure that robotic systems manufactured at facilities of new third-party partners comply with our quality standards and regulatory requirements would likely be greater than currently anticipated. If we need to develop our own manufacturing and production capabilities, which may not be feasible, it would significantly increase our capital and operating expenditures and would significantly delay production of our robotic systems. This may require us to attempt to raise or borrow additional money, which may not be successful. Also, it may require us to change the anticipated pricing of its RaaS subscription offering, which would adversely affect our margins and cash flows. Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on our statements about its production plans or their feasibility in the timeframe anticipated, or at all. We may not be able to implement its business strategy in the timeframe anticipated, or at all.

We may be unable to adequately control the costs associated with our operations.

We will require significant capital to develop and grow our business, including developing and producing our commercial robotic systems and other products, establishing or expanding design, research and development, production, sales and maintenance and service facilities and building our brand. We have incurred and expects to continue incurring significant expenses which will impact our profitability, including research and development expenses, procurement costs, sales, marketing and distribution expenses as we build our brand and market our robotic systems, and general and administrative expenses as we scale our operations, identify and commit resources to investigate new areas of demand and incur costs as a public company. In addition, we may incur significant costs servicing, maintaining and refurbishing our robotic ocean vehicles, and we expect that the cost to repair and service our robotic systems will increase over time as our vehicles age. Our ability to become profitable in the future will not only depend on our ability to complete the design and development of our robotic vehicles to meet projected performance metrics, identify and investigate new areas of demand and successfully market our robotic systems and RaaS subscription model, but also to sell, whether outright or through subscriptions, our ocean systems at prices needed to achieve our expected margins and control our costs, including the risks and costs associated with operating, maintaining and financing Our robotic systems. If we are unable to efficiently design, develop, manufacture, market, deploy, distribute and service our robotic systems in a cost-effective manner, our margins, profitability and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.

We, any manufacturing partners, and suppliers may rely on complex machinery for production, which involves a significant degree of risk and uncertainty in terms of operational performance and costs.

We, any third-party manufacturing partners, and suppliers may rely on complex machinery for the production and assembly of our robotic systems, which will involve a significant degree of uncertainty and risk in terms of operational performance and costs. Our facilities, and those of any third-party manufacturing partners and suppliers consist or are expected to consist of large-scale machinery combining many components. These components may suffer unexpected malfunctions from time to time and will depend on repairs and spare parts to resume operations, which may not be available when needed. Unexpected malfunctions of these components may significantly affect the intended operational efficiency. Operational performance and costs can be difficult to predict and are often influenced by factors outside of our or any third-party manufacturing partners’ and suppliers’ control, such as, but not limited to, scarcity of natural resources, environmental hazards and remediation, costs associated with decommissioning of machines, labor disputes and strikes, difficulty or delays in obtaining governmental permits, damages or defects in electronic systems, industrial accidents, fire, seismic activity and natural disasters. Should operational risks materialize, they may result in the personal injury to or death of workers, the loss of production equipment, damage to production facilities, monetary losses, delays and unanticipated fluctuations in production, environmental damage, administrative fines, increased insurance costs and potential legal liabilities, all which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We face risks related to natural disasters, health epidemics and other outbreaks, which could significantly disrupt our operations.

Our facilities or operations or those of any third-party manufacturers or suppliers could be adversely affected by events outside of our or their control, such as natural disasters, wars, health epidemics, and other calamities. Although we have servers that are hosted both onsite and at an offsite location, our backup system runs nightly, but does not capture data on a real-time basis and it may be unable to recover certain data in the event of a server failure. We cannot assure you that any backup systems will be adequate to protect us from the effects of fire, floods, typhoons, earthquakes, power loss, telecommunications failures, break-ins, war, riots, terrorist attacks or similar events. Any of the foregoing events may give rise to interruptions, breakdowns, system failures, technology platform failures or internet failures, which could cause the loss or corruption of data or malfunctions of software or hardware as well as adversely affect our ability to provide services.

We currently target many customers that are large corporations with substantial negotiating power, exacting product standards and potentially competitive internal solutions. If we war unable to sell our products to these customers, our prospects and results of operations will be adversely affected.

Our expects that many of our potential customers will be large, multinational corporations with substantial negotiating power relative to us and, in some instances, may have internal solutions that are competitive to our products. These large, multinational corporations also have significant development resources, which may allow them to acquire or develop independently, or in partnership with others, competitive technologies. Meeting the technical requirements and securing binding commitments from any of these companies will require a substantial investment of our time and resources. We cannot assure you that our products will secure binding commitments from these or other companies or that we will generate meaningful revenue from the sales of our products to these key potential customers. If our products are not selected by these large corporations or if these corporations develop or acquire competitive technology, we will have an adverse effect on our business.

We operate in a competitive industry that is subject to rapid technological change, and we expect competition to increase.

Our product offerings compete in a broad competitive landscape that includes incumbent actors, and emerging players in the blue technology markets, particularly companies focused on deploying ocean services with large vessels, tethered hydraulic and hybrid-electric ROVs, survey and hovering AUVs, electric platforms, remote monitoring, and other autonomy and perception technologies applied to adjacent ocean markets including autonomous shipping and subsea mining.

A breakdown of the competitive landscape by Nauticus product area:

•        our electric ocean robots and software platform compete with other tethered hydraulic and electric remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) and autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) for performing inspection, maintenance, repair, and physical interventions of ocean assets for sectors including offshore wind, oil & gas, aquaculture, port management, and defense & intel markets.

•        our underlining autonomy software platform includes modern robotics and automation technologies for autonomous navigation, manipulation, data orchestration and compression, behavior and mission execution and could face additional competition from the automotive and aerospace sectors working to solve similar challenges in different markets. At the most basic level, these software platforms are similar in nature and our software could also be reciprocated in additional markets outside of the blue technologies and ocean services space.

•        our RaaS model (a business model planned for future commercial services but yet to be implemented) faces a varied competitive landscape that not only includes long established and largely undifferentiated ocean services companies like Oceaneering International, Subsea7, and Saipem, but other emerging companies such as Ocean Infinity and Reach Subsea that are bringing new approaches to the markets targeted by us and may evolve to a competitive stature in these markets. We also face competition from bluetech software companies like Seebyte, Greensea, and as we expand markets we could face more boarder competition from autonomy software automotive companies diversify into the ocean markets like Toyota, Tesla, or Uber.

•        our robotic platforms also compete with other unmanned vehicles manufactures offered by companies such as Saab, Forum, and Mitsubishi and traditional automation and robotics companies like ABB and Fanuc. These companies have products that are commercially available and in development. We expect some products currently in development to become commercially available in the next few years and present a competitive threat to our products.

Our competitor base may change or expand as we continue to develop and commercialize our robotic systems in the future. These or other competitors may develop new technologies or products that provide superior results to customers or are less expensive than our products. Our technologies and products could have reduced competitiveness by such developments.

Our competitors may respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies, undertake more extensive marketing campaigns, have greater financial, marketing, manufacturing and other resources than we do, or may be more successful in attracting potential customers, employees and strategic partners. In addition, potential customers could have long-standing or contractual relationships with competitors. Potential customers may be reluctant to adopt our products, particularly if they compete with or have the potential to compete with, or diminish the need/utilization of products or technologies supported through these existing relationships. If we are not able to compete effectively, our business, prospects, financial condition, and operating results will be negatively impacted.

In addition, because we operate in a new market, the actions of our competitors could adversely affect our business. Adverse events such as product defects or legal claims with respect to competing or similar products could cause reputational harm to the ocean robotics market on the whole and, accordingly, our business.

Our financial results may vary significantly from period to period due to fluctuations in our operating costs, product demand and other factors.

We expect our period-to-period financial results to vary based on its operating costs and product demand, which we anticipate will fluctuate as the pace at which we continues to design, develop and manufacture new robotic systems, increase production capacity and establish or expand design, research and development, production, sales and service facilities. Additionally, our revenues from period to period may fluctuate as we identify and investigate areas of demand, adjust volumes and add new product derivatives based on market demand and margin opportunities, develop and introduce new robotic systems or introduce existing robotic system to new markets for the first time, as well as the introduction of our RaaS subscription model (a business model planned for future commercial services that has yet to be implemented). As a result of these factors, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of its financial results, especially in the short term, are not necessarily meaningful and that these comparisons cannot be relied upon as indicators of future performance. Moreover, our financial results may not meet expectations of equity research analysts, ratings agencies or investors, who may be focused only on quarterly financial results. If any of this occurs, the trading price of our securities following the Business Combination could fall substantially, either suddenly or over time.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be adversely affected.

We expect that the requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules and regulations of Nasdaq will continue to increase our legal, accounting and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming and costly, and place significant strain on personnel, systems and resources.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. We are continuing to develop and refine our disclosure controls, internal control over financial reporting and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we will file with the SEC are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act are accumulated and communicated to our principal executive and financial officers. Nauticus are in the process of upgrading its finance and accounting systems to an enterprise system suitable for a public company, and a delay could impact our ability or prevent us from timely reporting our operating results, timely filing required reports with the SEC and complying with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The development and implementation of the standards and controls necessary for us to achieve the level of accounting standards required of a public company may require costs greater than expected.

The current controls and any new controls that we develop may be inadequate because of changes in conditions of our business. Further, weaknesses in our internal controls have been identified in connection with the preparation of financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 and may be discovered in the future. As of August 31, 2022, we filled positions of Senior Accountant and Accounts Receivable to remediate this weakness in our internal controls. In addition, we added a Chief Financial Officer and transitioned one contract personnel to Vice President of Accounting to strengthen our internal controls and financial reporting. We are also strengthening internal controls over financial reporting by implementing an Enterprise Resource Planning system (“ERP”), a software used to automate business processes, containing workflows and business rules that ensure process is followed by approved policies, roles, and procedures. The Company expects to complete the ERP implementation by year end December 2022, with a phase 2 implementation of fixed assets and other automation considerations completed by first quarter 2023.

The resulting fully integrated system will enhance financial reporting and transactional interfaces. We will also add RaaS operations personnel as required when the production Aquanauts are completed, commissioned, and put into service. Our management will make an assessment of these remediation steps and add additional staff, if necessary to remediate the weakness.

Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls, or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement, could adversely affect our operating results or cause it to fail to meet its reporting obligations and may result in a restatement of its financial statements for prior periods. Any failure to implement and maintain effective internal controls also could adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting that we are required to include in our periodic reports that we will file with the SEC under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial and other information.

In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, we have expended and anticipate that after the closing of the Business Combination will continue to expend significant resources, including accounting-related costs, and provide significant management oversight. Any failure to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, or consequent inability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis, could increase operating costs and could materially and adversely affect our ability to operate its business. If our internal controls are perceived as inadequate or if we are perceived to be unable to produce timely or accurate financial statements, investors may lose confidence in its operating results and the stock price of our securities following the Business Combination could decline.

Our independent registered public accounting firm is not required to formally attest to the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting until after we are no longer an emerging growth company. At such time, the independent registered public accounting firm may issue a report that is adverse in the event it is not satisfied with the level at which our controls are documented, designed or operating. Any failure to maintain effective disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting could have a material and adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We have yet to achieve positive operating cash flow and, given our projected funding needs, our ability to generate positive cash flow is uncertain.

We have had negative cash flow from operating activities of $9.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, and $5.9 million and $4.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively. We expect to continue to have negative cash flow from operating and investing activities for the remainder of 2022 as we expect to incur research and development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative expenses and make capital expenditures in our efforts to increase sales, engage in development work and ramp up operations. Our business also will at times require significant amounts of working capital to build inventory and support the growth of additional products. An inability to generate positive cash flow for the near term may adversely affect our ability to raise needed capital for its business on reasonable terms, diminish supplier or customer willingness to enter into transactions with us, and have other adverse effects that may decrease our long-term viability. There can be no assurance that we will achieve positive cash flow in the near future or at all.

Our ability to use net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes may be limited in connection with the Business Combination or other ownership changes.

We have incurred losses during our history and do not expect to become profitable in the near future, and may never achieve profitability. To the extent that we continue to generate taxable losses, unused losses will carry forward to offset future taxable income, if any, until such unused losses expire.

Under the Tax Act, as modified by the CARES Act, U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards generated in taxable periods beginning after December 31, 2017, may be carried forward indefinitely, but the deductibility of such net operating loss carryforwards in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020, is limited to 80% of taxable income. It is uncertain if and to what extent various states will conform to the Tax Act or the CARES Act. Suspensions or other restrictions on the use of net operating losses or tax credits, possibly with retroactive effect, may result in our existing net operating losses or tax credits expiring or otherwise being unavailable to offset future income tax liabilities.

In addition, the net operating loss carryforwards are subject to review and possible adjustment by the Internal Revenue Service and state tax authorities. Under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), these federal net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes may become subject to an annual limitation in the event of certain cumulative changes in our ownership. An “ownership change” pursuant to Section 382 of the Code generally occurs if one or more stockholders or groups of stockholders who own at least 5% of a company’s stock increase their ownership by more than 50 percentage points over their lowest ownership percentage within a rolling three-year period. The ability of us to utilize net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes to offset future taxable income or tax liabilities may be limited as a result of ownership changes, including potential changes in connection with the Business Combination or other transactions. Similar rules may apply under state tax laws. We have not yet determined the amount of the cumulative change in our ownership resulting from the Business Combination or other transactions, or any resulting limitations on our ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes. If we earn taxable income, such limitations could result in increased future income tax liability to us and our future cash flows could be adversely affected. We have recorded a full valuation allowance related to our net operating loss carryforwards and other deferred tax assets due to the uncertainty of the ultimate realization of the future benefits of those assets.

We expect to incur substantial R&D costs and devote significant resources to identifying and commercializing new products, which could significantly reduce its profitability and may never result in revenue to us.

Our future growth depends on penetrating new markets, adapting existing products to new applications and customer requirements, and introducing new products that achieve market acceptance. We plan to incur substantial, and potentially increasing, R&D costs as part of our efforts to design, develop, manufacture, and commercialize new products and enhance existing products. Our R&D expenses were $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, and $3.5 million and $5.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and are likely to grow in the future. Because we account for R&D as an operating expense, these expenditures will adversely affect our results of operations in the future. Further, our R&D program may not produce successful results, and its new products may not achieve market acceptance, create additional revenue or become profitable.

Litigation or legal proceedings could expose us to significant liabilities and have a negative impact on our reputation or business.

We may become subject to claims, litigation, disputes and other legal proceedings from time to time. We evaluate these claims, litigation, disputes and other legal proceedings to assess the likelihood of unfavorable outcomes and to estimate, if possible, the amount of potential losses. These assessments and estimates are based on the information available to management at the time and involve a significant amount of management judgment. Actual outcomes or losses may differ materially from our assessments and estimates.

Under the terms of the engagement letter executed between us and Cowen and Company, LLC (“Cowen”), we agreed to indemnify and hold harmless Cowen and its officers, directors, employees and agents from and against any losses and claims arising in any manner out of or in connection with the services that Cowen provided to us thereunder. Accordingly, if any claims, litigation, disputes or other legal proceedings are brought by third parties against Cowen in relation to the services it provided to us, we will be liable to pay for or reimburse Cowen for the losses and costs it incurs unless the losses and costs are finally judicially determined to have resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of Cowen or its officers, directors, employees and agents.

Even when not merited or whether or not we ultimately prevail, the defense of these lawsuits may divert management’s attention, and we may incur significant expenses in defending these lawsuits. The results of litigation and other legal proceedings are inherently uncertain, and adverse judgments or settlements in some of these legal disputes may result in adverse monetary damages, penalties or injunctive relief against us, which could negatively impact our financial position, cash flows or results of operations.

We are subject to evolving laws, regulations, standards, policies, and contractual obligations related to data privacy and security laws and regulations, and our actual or perceived failure to comply with such obligations could harm our reputation, subject us to significant fines and liability, or otherwise adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We are subject to or affected by a number of federal, state and local laws and regulations, as well as contractual obligations and industry standards, that impose certain obligations and restrictions with respect to data privacy and security, and govern our collection, storage, retention, protection, use, processing, transmission, sharing and disclosure of personal information, including that of its employees, customers and others. Most jurisdictions have enacted laws requiring companies to notify individuals, regulatory authorities and others of security breaches involving certain types of data. Such laws may be inconsistent or may change or additional laws may be adopted. In addition, our agreements with certain customers may require us to notify them in the event of a security breach. Such mandatory disclosures are costly, could lead to negative publicity, result in penalties or fines, result in litigation, may cause our customers to lose confidence in the effectiveness of our security measures and require us to expend significant capital and other resources to respond to and/or alleviate problems caused by the actual or perceived security breach.

The global data protection landscape is rapidly evolving, and implementation standards and enforcement practices are likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. We may not be able to monitor and react to all developments in a timely manner. For example, California adopted the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”), which became effective in January 2020. The CCPA establishes a privacy framework for covered businesses, including an expansive definition of personal information and data privacy rights for California residents. The CCPA includes a framework with potentially severe statutory damages and private rights of action. The CCPA requires covered businesses to provide new disclosures to California residents, provide them new ways to opt-out of certain disclosures of personal information, and allow for a new cause of action for data breaches. Additionally, a new privacy law, the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”), was approved by California voters in the November 3, 2020 election. The CPRA creates obligations relating to consumer data beginning on January 1, 2022, with implementing regulations expected on or before July 1, 2022, and enforcement beginning July 1, 2023. The CPRA significantly modifies the CCPA, potentially resulting in further uncertainty. Some observers have noted that the CCPA could mark the beginning of a trend toward more stringent privacy legislation in the United States. Other states have begun to propose and enact similar laws. For example, Virginia has enacted the Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act, which provides for obligations similar to the CCPA, and which will go into effect January 1, 2023. As we expand our operations, the CCPA, CPRA, and other laws and regulations relating to privacy and data security may increase our compliance costs and potential liability. Compliance with any applicable privacy and data security laws and regulations is a rigorous and time-intensive process, and we may be required to put in place additional mechanisms to comply with such laws and regulations.

Additionally, as our international presence expands, we may become subject to or face increasing obligations under laws and regulations in countries outside the United States, many of which, such as the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) and national laws supplementing the GDPR, as well as legislation substantially implementing the GDPR in the United Kingdom, are significantly more stringent than those currently enforced in the United States. The GDPR requires companies to meet stringent requirements regarding the handling of personal data of individuals located in the European Economic Area (“EEA”). The GDPR also includes significant penalties for noncompliance, which may result in monetary penalties of up to the higher of €20 million or 4% of a group’s worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year for the most serious violations. The United Kingdom’s version of the GDPR, the UK GDPR, which it maintains along with its Data Protection Act (collectively, the “UK GDPR”), also provides for substantial penalties that, for the most serious violations, can go up to the greater of £17.5 million or 4% of a group’s worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year. Many other jurisdictions globally are considering or have enacted legislation providing for local storage of data or otherwise imposing privacy, data protection and data security obligations in connection with the collection, use and other processing of personal data.

We publish privacy policies and other documentation regarding its collection, processing, use and disclosure of personal information and/or other confidential information. Although we endeavor to comply with our published policies and other documentation, we may at times fail to do so or may be perceived to have failed to do so. Moreover,

despite its efforts, we may not be successful in achieving compliance, including if our employees, contractors, service providers or vendors fail to comply with our published policies and documentation. Such failures can subject us to potential action by governmental or regulatory authorities if they are found to be deceptive, unfair, or misrepresentative of its actual practices. Any actual or perceived inability of us to adequately address privacy and security concerns or comply with applicable laws, rules and regulations relating to privacy, data protection or data security, or applicable privacy notices, could lead to investigations, claims, and proceedings by governmental entities and private parties, damages for contract breach, and other significant costs, penalties, and other liabilities. Any such claims or other proceedings could be expensive and time-consuming to defend and could result in adverse publicity. Any of the foregoing may have an adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations, and financial condition.

We are subject to cybersecurity risks to our operational systems, security systems, infrastructure, integrated software in its products and data processed by us or third-party vendors.

Our business and operations involve the collection, storage, processing, and transmission of personal data and certain other sensitive and proprietary data of collaborators, customers, and others. Additionally, we maintain sensitive and proprietary information relating to our business, such as our own proprietary information and personal data relating to our employees. An increasing number of organizations have disclosed breaches of their information security systems and other information security incidents, some of which have involved sophisticated and highly targeted attacks. We may be a target for attacks by state-sponsored actors and others designed to disrupt its operations or to attempt to gain access to its systems or data that is processed or maintained in its business. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has increased security risks due to personnel working remotely.

We are at risk for interruptions, outages and breaches of our: (a) operational systems, including business, financial, accounting, product development, data processing or production processes, owned by us or our third-party vendors or suppliers; (b) facility security systems, owned by us or our third-party vendors or suppliers; (c) transmission control modules or other in-product technology, owned by us or our third-party vendors or suppliers; (d) the integrated software in our units; or (e) customer data that we processes or that our third-party vendors or suppliers process on our behalf. Because techniques used to obtain unauthorized access to or to sabotage information systems change frequently and may not be known until launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate or prevent these attacks, react in a timely manner, or implement adequate preventive measures, and may face delays in its detection or remediation of, or other responses to, security breaches and other privacy-and security-related incidents. Such incidents could: materially disrupt our operational systems; result in loss of intellectual property, trade secrets or other proprietary or competitively sensitive information; compromise certain information of customers, employees, suppliers, or others; jeopardize the security of our facilities; or affect the performance of in-product technology and the integrated software in our units. Certain efforts may be state-sponsored or supported by significant financial and technological resources, making them even more difficult to detect, remediate, and otherwise respond to.

Our plans to include product services and functionality that utilize data connectivity to monitor performance and timely capture opportunities to enhance performance and for safety and cost-saving preventative maintenance. The availability and effectiveness of our services depend on the continued operation of information technology and communications systems. Our systems will be vulnerable to damage or interruption from, among others, physical theft, fire, terrorist attacks, natural disasters, power loss, war, telecommunications failures, viruses, denial or degradation of service attacks, ransomware, social engineering schemes, insider theft or misuse or other attempts to harm our systems. We intend to use our product services and functionality to log information about each unit’s use in order to aid us in diagnostics and servicing. Our customers may object to the use of this data, which may require us to implement new or modified data handling policies and mechanisms, increase our unit maintenance costs and costs associated with data processing and handling, and harm its business prospects.

Although we are in the process of implementing certain systems and processes that are designed to protect our data and systems within our control, prevent data loss, and prevent other security breaches and security incidents, these security measures cannot guarantee security. The IT and infrastructure used in our business may be vulnerable to cyberattacks or security breaches, and third parties may be able to access data, including personal data and other sensitive and proprietary data of us and its customers, collaborators and partners, our employees’ personal data, or other sensitive and proprietary data, accessible through those systems. Employee error, malfeasance, or other errors in the storage, use, or transmission of any of these types of data could result in an actual or perceived privacy or security breach or other security incident.

Moreover, there are inherent risks associated with developing, improving, expanding and updating our current systems, such as the disruption of our data management, procurement, production execution, finance, supply chain and sales and service processes. These risks may affect our ability to manage our data and inventory, procure parts or supplies or manufacture, deploy, deliver and service its units, adequately protect our intellectual property or achieve and maintain compliance with, or realize available benefits under, applicable laws, regulations and contracts. We cannot be sure that these systems upon which we rely, including those of our third-party vendors or suppliers, will be effectively implemented, maintained or expanded as planned. If we do not successfully implement, maintain or expand these systems as planned, our operations may be disrupted, our ability to accurately and timely report our financial results could be impaired, and deficiencies may arise in our internal control over financial reporting, which may impact our ability to certify our financial results. Moreover, our proprietary information or intellectual property could be compromised or misappropriated and its reputation may be adversely affected. If these systems do not operate as we expect them to, we may be required to expend significant resources to make corrections or find alternative sources for performing these functions.

Any actual or perceived security breach or security incident, or any systems outages or other disruption to systems used in our business, could interrupt our operations, result in loss or improper access to, or acquisition or disclosure of, data or a loss of intellectual property protection, harm our reputation and competitive position, reduce demand for our products, damage our relationships with customers, partners, collaborators, or others, or result in claims, regulatory investigations, and proceedings and significant legal, regulatory, and financial exposure, and any such incidents or any perception that our security measures are inadequate could lead to loss of confidence in us and harm to our reputation, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Any actual or perceived breach of privacy or security, or other security incident, impacting any entities with which we share or disclose data (including, for example, our third-party technology providers) could have similar effects. We expect to incur significant costs in an effort to detect and prevent privacy and security breaches and other privacy- and security-related incidents, and may face increased costs and requirements to expend substantial resources in the event of an actual or perceived privacy or security breach or other incident.

We are subject to U.S. and foreign anti-corruption and anti-money laundering laws and regulations. We can face criminal liability and other serious consequences for violations, which can harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, the U.S. domestic bribery statute contained in 18 U.S.C. § 201, the U.S. Travel Act, and other anti-corruption, anti-bribery and anti-money laundering laws in countries in which we conduct activities. Anti-corruption laws are interpreted broadly and prohibit companies and their employees, business partners, third-party intermediaries, representatives, and agents from authorizing, promising, offering or providing, directly or indirectly, improper payments or anything else of value to government officials, political candidates, political parties, or commercial partners for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or securing an improper business advantage.

We have direct and indirect interactions with foreign officials, including in furtherance of sales to governmental entities in non-U.S. countries. We sometimes leverage third parties to conduct our business abroad, and its third-party business partners, representatives, and agents may have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or state-owned or affiliated entities. We can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of our employees or these third-parties, even if we do not explicitly authorize or have actual knowledge of such activities. The FCPA and other applicable laws and regulations laws also require that we keep accurate books and records and maintain internal controls and compliance procedures designed to prevent any such actions. While we have policies and procedures to address compliance with such laws, there can be no assurance that all of our employees, business partners, third-party intermediaries, representatives, and agents will not take actions in violation of its policies and applicable law, for which we may be ultimately held responsible. Our exposure for violating these laws increases as its international presence expands and as it increases sales and operations in foreign jurisdictions.

Any violations of the laws and regulations described above may result in whistleblower complaints, adverse media coverage, investigations, substantial civil and criminal fines and penalties, damages, settlements, prosecution, enforcement actions, imprisonment, the loss of export or import privileges, suspension or debarment from government contracts, tax reassessments, breach of contract and fraud litigation, reputational harm and other consequences, any of which could adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. In addition, responding to any investigation or action will likely result in a significant diversion of management’s attention and resources and significant defense costs and other professional fees.

We are subject to governmental export and import controls and laws that could subject us to liability if we are not in compliance with such laws.

Our products are subject to export control, import and economic sanctions laws and regulations, including the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, U.S. Customs regulations and various economic and trade sanctions regulations administered by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control. Exports of our robotic systems and technology must be made in compliance with these laws and regulations. If we fail to comply with these laws and regulations, we and certain of our employees could be subject to substantial civil or criminal penalties, including the possible loss of export or import privileges; fines, which may be imposed on us and responsible employees or managers; and, in extreme cases, the incarceration of responsible employees or managers.

Moreover, international sales of certain of our products are subject to U.S. laws, regulations and policies like the International Traffic in Arms Regulations and other export laws and regulations and may be subject to first obtaining licenses, clearances or authorizations from various regulatory entities. If we are not allowed to export its products or the clearance process is burdensome and costly, our ability to generate revenue would be adversely affected.

In addition, changes to our ocean robotic systems, or changes in applicable export control, import, or economic sanctions laws and regulations may create delays in the introduction and sale of our robotic systems and solutions or, in some cases, prevent the export or import of our robotic systems to certain countries, governments, or persons altogether. Compliance with such laws and regulations may also be costly and require time and attention from our management. Any change in export, import, or economic sanctions laws and regulations, shift in the enforcement or scope of existing laws and regulations, or change in the countries, governments, persons, or technologies targeted by such laws and regulations, could also result in decreased use of our robotic systems, as well as our decreased ability to export or market its robotic systems to potential customers. Any decreased use of our robotic systems or limitation on our ability to export or market its robotic systems would likely adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Our management team will have broad discretion in making strategic decisions to execute their growth plans, and there can be no assurance that our management’s decisions will result in successful achievement of our business objectives or will not have unintended consequences that negatively impact our growth prospects.

Our management will have broad discretion in making strategic decisions to execute their growth plans and may devote time and company resources to new or expanded solution offerings, potential acquisitions, prospective customers or other initiatives that do not necessarily improve our operating results or contribute to its growth. Management’s failure to make strategic decisions that are ultimately accretive to our growth may result in unfavorable returns and uncertainty about our prospects, each of which could cause the price of the Common Stock to decline.

As part of growing our business, we have and may make acquisitions. If we fail to successfully select, execute, or integrate our acquisitions, then our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected, and our stock price could decline.

Failure to successfully identify, complete, manage and integrate acquisitions could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause our stock price to decline.

From time to time, we may undertake acquisitions to add new products and technologies, acquire talent, gain new sales channels, or enter into new markets or sales territories. In addition to possible stockholder approval, we may need approvals and licenses from relevant government authorities for the acquisitions and to comply with any applicable laws and regulations, and a failure to obtain such approvals and licenses could result in delays and increased costs and may disrupt our business strategy. Furthermore, acquisitions and the subsequent integration of new assets, businesses, key personnel, customers, vendors, and suppliers require significant attention from our management and could result in a diversion of resources from our existing business, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our operations. Acquired assets or businesses may not generate the financial results we expect. Acquisitions could result in the use of substantial amounts of cash, potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities and exposure to potential unknown liabilities of the acquired business. Moreover, the costs of identifying and consummating acquisitions may be significant.

Any acquisitions, partnerships, or joint ventures that we enter into could disrupt our operations and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

From time to time, we may evaluate potential strategic acquisitions of businesses, including partnerships or joint ventures with third parties. We may not be successful in identifying acquisition, partnership, and joint venture candidates. In addition, we may not be able to continue the operational success of such businesses or successfully finance or integrate any businesses that we acquire or with which we form a partnership or joint venture. We may have potential write-offs of acquired assets and/or an impairment of any goodwill recorded as a result of acquisitions. Furthermore, the integration of any acquisition may divert management’s time and resources from our core business and disrupt our operations or may result in conflicts with our business. Any acquisition, partnership or joint venture may not be successful, may reduce our cash reserves, may negatively affect our earnings and financial performance and, to the extent financed with the proceeds of debt, may increase our indebtedness. Further, depending on market conditions, investor perceptions of us and other factors, we might not be able to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, to implement any such transaction. We cannot ensure that any acquisition, partnership, or joint venture we make will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

If we are unable to adapt to and satisfy customer demands in a timely and cost-effective manner, our ability to grow our business may suffer.

The success of our business depends in part on effectively engineering and implementing technologies related to subsea and surface vessels, ROVs, subsea robotic manipulators, and AI-based, full-stack vehicle control and manipulation software. These technologies are packaged for commercial and defense customers in products that provide innovative solutions to challenges in all maritime markets including subsea energy, offshore wind, and defense applications. If for any reason we are unable to continue to manufacture, design and develop technologies as planned or provide the services and products that our customers expect from us, this could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. If our current or future product and service offerings do not meet expected performance or quality standards, including with respect to customer satisfaction, this could cause operational delays. In addition, any delay in manufacturing new products as planned could increase costs and cause our products and services to be less attractive to potential new customers. Further, certain government bodies may have priority with respect to the use of our products and services for national defense reasons, which may impact our cadence of producing and selling products and services to other customers. Any production, operational or manufacturing delays or other unplanned changes to our ability to design, develop and manufacture our products or offer our services could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

If we fail to respond to commercial industry cycles in terms of our cost structure, manufacturing capacity, and/or personnel needs, our business could be seriously harmed.

The timing, length, and severity of the up-and-down cycles in the commercial subsea, ocean surface, and defense industries are difficult to predict. The cyclical nature of the industries in which we operate affects our ability to accurately predict future revenue, and in some cases, future expense levels. During down cycles in our industry, the financial results of our customers may be negatively impacted, which could result not only in a decrease in orders but also a weakening of their financial condition that could impair our ability to recognize revenue or to collect on outstanding receivables. When cyclical fluctuations result in lower-than-expected revenue levels, operating results may be adversely affected, and cost reduction measures may be necessary in order for us to remain competitive and financially sound. We must be in a position to adjust our cost and expense structure to reflect prevailing market conditions and to continue to motivate and retain our key employees. If we fail to respond, then our business could be seriously harmed. In addition, during periods of rapid growth, we must be able to increase engineering and manufacturing capacity and personnel to meet customer demand. We can provide no assurance that these objectives can be met in a timely manner in response to industry cycles. Each of these factors could adversely impact our operating results and financial condition.

Our systems, products, technologies and services and related equipment may have shorter useful lives than we anticipate.

Our growth strategy depends in part on developing systems, products, technologies, and services. These reusable systems, products, technologies and services and systems will have a limited useful life. While we intend to design our products and technologies for a certain lifespan, which corresponds to a number of cycles, there can be no assurance as to the actual operational life of a product or that the operational life of individual components will be consistent with its design life. A number of factors will impact the useful lives of our products and systems, including, among other things,

the quality of their design and construction, the durability of their component parts and availability of any replacement components, and the occurrence of any anomaly or series of anomalies or other risks affecting the technology during launch and in orbit. In addition, any improvements in technology may make our existing products, designs, or any component of our products prior to the end of its life obsolete. If our systems, products, technologies and services and related equipment have shorter useful lives than we currently anticipate, this may lead to delays in increasing the rate of our follow on work and new business, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, we are continually learning, and as our engineering and manufacturing expertise and efficiency increases, we aim to leverage this learning to be able to manufacture our products and equipment using less of our currently installed equipment, which could render our existing inventory obsolete.

Risks Related to Government Contracts

Many of our contracts contain performance obligations that require innovative design capabilities, are technologically complex, require state-of-the-art manufacturing expertise, or are dependent upon factors not wholly within our control. Failure to meet these obligations could adversely affect our profitability and future prospects. Early termination of client contracts or contract penalties could adversely affect our results of operations.

We design, develop, and manufacture technologically advanced and innovative products and services, which are applied by our customers in a variety of environments. Problems and delays in development or delivery as a result of issues with respect to design, technology, licensing and intellectual property rights, labor, inability to achieve learning curve assumptions, manufacturing materials or components could prevent us from meeting requirements. Either we or the customer may generally terminate a contract as a result of a material uncured breach by the other. If we breach a contract or fail to perform in accordance with contractual service levels, delivery schedules, performance specifications, or other contractual requirements set forth therein, the other party thereto may terminate such contract for default, and we may be required to refund money previously paid to us by the customer or to pay penalties or other damages. Even if we have not breached, we may deal with various situations from time to time that may result in the amendment or termination of a contract. These steps can result in significant current period charges and/or reductions in current or future revenue, and/or delays in collection of outstanding receivables and costs incurred on the contract. Other factors that may affect revenue and profitability include inaccurate cost estimates, design issues, unforeseen costs and expenses not covered by insurance or indemnification from the customer, diversion of management focus in responding to unforeseen problems, and loss of follow-on work.

We rely on a limited number of suppliers for certain raw materials and supplied components, which has caused and may continue to cause supply chain disruptions. We may not be able to obtain sufficient raw materials or supplied components to meet our manufacturing, design, and operating needs, or obtain such materials on favorable terms or at all, which could impair our ability to fulfill our orders in a timely manner or increase our costs of design and production.

Our ability to produce our current and future systems, products, technologies and services and other components of operation is dependent upon sufficient availability of raw materials and supplied components, which we secure from a limited number of suppliers. As disclosed herein, this has caused and may continue to cause supply chain disruptions. Global supply chains have recently experienced disruption as a result of industry capacity constraints, material availability and global logistics delays arising from transportation capacity of ocean shipping containers and a prolonged delay in resumption of operations by one or more key suppliers as a result of COVID-19. Our reliance on suppliers to secure raw materials and supplied components has exposed us and may continue to expose us to volatility in the prices and availability of these materials. We may not be able to obtain sufficient supplies of raw materials or supplied components on favorable terms or at all, which could result in delays in the manufacture of our systems, products, technologies and services or increased costs.

In addition, we may in the future experience delays in manufacturing or operation as we go through the requalification process with any replacement third-party supplier, as well as the limitations imposed by the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”), the Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”), or other restrictions on transfer of sensitive technologies. Moreover, the imposition of tariffs on such raw materials or supplied components could have a material adverse effect on our operations. Prolonged disruptions in the supply of any of our key raw materials or components, difficulty qualifying new sources of supply, implementing use of replacement materials or new sources of supply or any

volatility in prices could have a material adverse effect on our ability to operate in a cost-efficient, timely manner and could cause us to experience cancellations or delays of scheduled missions, customer cancellations or reductions in our prices and margins, any of which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

To date, we have experienced supply chain impacts, particularly in electronic components, that have delayed ongoing projects. In response, Nauticus has made efforts to expand its supplier base to locate and source project materials to mitigate procurement delays. In light of recent world events, we anticipate continued challenges in this area over the near term as we work to minimize impacts on projects and deliverable timelines.

We use estimates when accounting for certain contracts and changes in these estimates may have a significant impact on our financial results.

Our quarterly and annual sales are affected by a variety of factors that may lead to significant variability in our operating results. We evaluate the contract value and cost estimates for performance obligations at least quarterly, and more frequently when circumstances change significantly. Changes in estimates and assumptions related to the status of certain long-term contracts which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition, and/or cash flows.

The U.S. government’s budget deficit and the national debt, as well as any inability of the U.S. government to complete its budget process for any government fiscal year and consequently having to shut down or operate on funding levels equivalent to its prior fiscal year pursuant to a “continuing resolution,” could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Considerable uncertainty exists regarding how future budget and program decisions will unfold, including the defense spending priorities of the U.S. government, what challenges budget reductions will present for the defense industry and whether annual appropriations bills for all agencies will be enacted for U.S. government fiscal 2022 and thereafter due to many factors, including but not limited to, changes in the political environment, including before or after a change to the leadership within the government administration, and any resulting uncertainty or changes in policy or priorities and resultant funding. The U.S. government’s budget deficit and the national debt could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows in a number of ways, including the following:

•        The U.S. government could reduce or delay its spending on, reprioritize its spending away from, or decline to provide funding for the government programs in which we participate;

•        U.S. government spending could be impacted by alternate arrangements to sequestration, which increases the uncertainty as to, and the difficulty in predicting, U.S. government spending priorities and levels; and

•        We may experience declines in revenue, profitability, and cash flows as a result of reduced or Delayed orders or payments or other factors caused by economic difficulties of our customers and prospective customers, including U.S. federal, state, and local governments.

Furthermore, we believe continued budget pressures could have serious negative consequences for the security of the United States, the defense industrial base and the customers, employees, suppliers, investors and communities that rely on companies in the defense industrial base. Budget and program decisions made in this environment would have long-term implications for us and the entire defense industry.

We depend significantly on U.S. government contracts, which often are only partially funded, subject to immediate termination, and heavily regulated and audited. The termination or failure to fund, or negative audit findings for, one or more of these contracts could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Over its lifetime, a U.S. government program may be implemented by the award of many different individual contracts and subcontracts. The funding of U.S. government programs is subject to U.S. Congressional appropriations. In recent years, U.S. government appropriations have been affected by larger U.S. government budgetary issues and related legislation. Although multi-year contracts may be authorized and appropriated in connection with major procurements, the U.S. Congress generally appropriates funds on a government fiscal year basis. Procurement funds are typically made available for obligation over the course of one to three years. Consequently, programs often

initially receive only partial funding, and additional funds are obligated only as the U.S. Congress authorizes further appropriations. We cannot predict the extent to which total funding and/or funding for individual programs will be included, increased, or reduced as part of the annual appropriations process ultimately approved by U.S. Congress and the President of the United States or in separate supplemental appropriations or continuing resolutions, as applicable. The termination of funding for a U.S. government program would result in a loss of anticipated future revenue attributable to that program, which could have an adverse impact on our operations. In addition, the termination of a program or the failure to commit additional funds to a program that already has been started could result in lost revenue and increase our overall costs of doing business.

Generally, U.S. government contracts are subject to oversight audits by U.S. government representatives. Such audits could result in adjustments to our contract costs. Any costs found to be improperly allocated to a specific contract will not be reimbursed, and such costs already reimbursed must be refunded. We have recorded contract revenue based on costs we expect to realize upon final audit. However, we do not know the outcome of any future audits and adjustments, and we may be required to materially reduce our revenue or profits upon completion and final negotiation of audits. Negative audit findings could also result in termination of a contract, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines or suspension or debarment from U.S. Government contracting or subcontracting for a period of time.

In addition, U.S. government contracts generally contain provisions permitting termination, in whole or in part, without prior notice at the U.S. government’s convenience upon payment only for work done and commitments made at the time of termination. For some contracts, we are a subcontractor and not the prime contractor, and in those arrangements, the U.S. Government could terminate the prime contractor for convenience without regard for our performance as a subcontractor. We can give no assurance that one or more of our U.S. government contracts will not be terminated under those circumstances. Also, we can give no assurance that we would be able to procure new contracts to offset the revenue or backlog lost as a result of any termination of our U.S. government contracts. Because a significant portion of our revenue is dependent on our performance and payment under our U.S. government contracts, the loss of one or more large contracts could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our U.S. government business also is subject to specific procurement regulations and a variety of socioeconomic and other requirements. These requirements, although customary in U.S. government contracts, increase our performance and compliance costs. These costs might increase in the future, thereby reducing our margins, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, the U.S. government has and may continue to implement initiatives focused on efficiencies, affordability and cost growth and other changes to its procurement practices. These initiatives and changes to procurement practices may change the way U.S. government contracts are solicited, negotiated, and managed, which may affect whether and how we pursue opportunities to provide our products and services to the U.S. government, including the terms and conditions under which we do so, which may have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. For example, contracts awarded under the Department of Defense’s Other Transaction Authority for research and prototypes generally require cost-sharing and may not follow, or may follow only in part, standard U.S. government contracting practices and terms, such as the Federal Acquisition Regulation (“FAR”) and Cost Accounting Standards.

Failure to comply with applicable regulations and requirements could lead to fines, penalties, repayments, or compensatory or treble damages, or suspension or debarment from U.S. government contracting or subcontracting for a period of time. Among the causes for debarment are violations of various laws and regulations, including those related to procurement integrity, export control (including ITAR), U.S. government security, employment practices, protection of the environment, accuracy of records, proper recording of costs and foreign corruption. The termination of a U.S. government contract or relationship as a result of any of these acts would have an adverse impact on our operations and could have an adverse effect on our standing and eligibility for future U.S. government contracts.

The terms of certain of our current and likely future contracts are highly sensitive and we are limited in our ability to disclose such terms.

Our success, in large part, depends on our ability to maintain protection over the terms of certain of our current and likely future contracts and agreements, each of which is a highly negotiated agreement with sensitive information that, if publicly disclosed, would be beneficial for our and our partners’ competitors to learn and harmful to our and our partners’ commercial interests. We are limited in our ability to disclose the terms of these agreements, including terms that may affect our expected cash flows or the value of any collateral, and have taken precautions to protect the disclosure of the sensitive information in such agreements. Therefore, we have not allowed third parties, except for CLAQ during due

diligence pursuant to the Non-Disclosure Agreement dated August 11, 2021, to review the terms of these agreements. If the terms of these agreements were to be disclosed, our ability to compete could be hindered and our relationships with our partners could be damaged, both of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Furthermore, our relationships with our partners could also be damaged, and they may take legal action against us, if they believe that we have disclosed any terms of these agreements without their prior consent.

Thus the nature of current and future contracts with the U.S. government will limit our ability to disclose sensitive terms such as contract scope, schedules, and budgets, and, in some cases, the specific end user. Notwithstanding the above, our current government contracts, while sensitive, were disclosed under a non-disclosure agreement to CLAQ’s management and Board members for their review and evaluation.

Additionally, we are committed to complying with our disclosure obligations under federal securities laws. Any future material contracts that are of national security concern will be disclosed in redacted form (redacting only the information that is both not material and is of the type that we treat as private or confidential), and unredacted versions made available to the SEC’s staff for confidential, non-disclosable, review, in accordance with SEC regulations.

Disputes with our subcontractors or the inability of our subcontractors to perform, or our key suppliers to timely deliver our components, parts or services, has caused and could continue to cause our products, systems or services to be produced or delivered in an untimely or unsatisfactory manner.

We engage subcontractors on many of our contracts. We may have disputes with our subcontractors, including regarding the quality and timeliness of work performed by the subcontractor, customer concerns about the subcontract or subcontractor, our failure to extend existing task orders or issue new task orders under a subcontract, our hiring of the personnel of a subcontractor or vice versa or the subcontractor’s failure to comply with applicable law. In addition, there are certain parts, components, and services for many of our products, systems, technologies, and services that we source from other manufacturers or vendors. Some of our suppliers, from time to time, have experienced and may continue to experience financial and operational difficulties, which may impact their ability to supply the materials, components, subsystems, and services that we require. Tariffs recently imposed on certain materials and other trade issues may create or exacerbate existing materials shortages and may result in further supplier business closures. Our supply chain could also be disrupted by external events, such as natural disasters or other significant disruptions (including extreme weather conditions, medical epidemics, acts of terrorism, cyber-attacks and labor disputes), governmental actions and legislative or regulatory changes, including product certification or stewardship requirements, sourcing restrictions, product authenticity and climate change or greenhouse gas emission standards, or availability constraints from increased demand from customers. In addition, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in increased travel restrictions and extended shutdown of certain businesses across the globe. These or any further political or governmental developments or health concerns could result in social, economic, and labor instability. Any inability to develop alternative sources of supply on a cost-effective and timely basis could materially impair our ability to manufacture and deliver products, systems, and services to our customers. We can give no assurances that we will be free from disputes with our subcontractors; material supply constraints or problems; or component, subsystems, or services problems in the future. Also, our subcontractors and other suppliers may not be able to acquire or maintain the quality of the materials, components, subsystems, and services they supply, which may result in greater product returns, service problems and warranty claims and could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, in connection with our government contracts, we are required to procure certain materials, components and parts from supply sources approved by the U.S. government and we rely on our subcontractors and suppliers to comply with applicable laws, regulations and other requirements regarding procurement of counterfeit, unauthorized or otherwise non-compliant parts or materials, including parts or materials they supply to us, and in some circumstances, we rely on their certifications as to their compliance. From time to time, there are components for which there may be only one supplier, which may be unable to meet our needs. Each of these subcontractor and supplier risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

To date, we have encountered some supply chain disruptions stemming from limited availability of certain raw materials. Two such raw materials are aluminum and microchips. Aluminum is required for the vessel hulls of both the Aquanaut and Hydronaut. Recently supply chain disruptions have caused procurement delays of aluminum which has subsequently delayed our manufacturing of the Aquanaut and Hydronaut. While these supply chain disruptions have to date not resulted in contract modifications to adjust cost, as we work with our suppliers, we anticipate that some cost adjustments may be necessary.

Another crucial material we utilize, which remains in short supply, is microchip electronics. Microchips play a key role in the electronic subsystems of the Aquanaut and Argonaut. Due to the challenges we have encountered in sourcing this material/component, we have redesigned components of our subsystems in order to incorporate microchips that are more easily obtained.

These supply chain issues have affected some, but not all, of our subcontractors and their ability to procure raw materials in a cost effective and timely manner. This has been evidenced by schedule extensions in the expected delivery of the Aquanauts that are under contract for fabrication with International Submarine Engineering, Ltd. as well as the Hydronauts under contract for construction with Diverse Marine. Nauticus continues to monitor these contractor issues and works closely with the supply chain providers to adjust other elements of the project to minimize schedule impacts and ensure minimal to no disruption to its daily operations.

We have government customers, which subjects us to risks including early termination, audits, investigations, sanctions and penalties.

We derive a substantial portion of our revenue from contracts with U.S. Department of Defense agencies and may enter into additional contracts with the U.S. or foreign governments in the future. This subjects us to statutes and regulations applicable to companies doing business with the government, including the FAR. These government contracts customarily contain provisions that give the government substantial rights and remedies, many of which are not typically found in commercial contracts and which are unfavorable to contractors. For instance, most U.S. government agencies include provisions that allow the government to unilaterally terminate or modify contracts for convenience, and in that event, the counterparty to the contract may generally recover only its incurred or committed costs and settlement expenses and profit on work completed prior to the termination. If the government terminates a contract for default, the defaulting party may be liable for any extra costs incurred by the government in procuring undelivered items from another source.

Some of our federal government contracts are subject to the approval of appropriations being made by the U.S. Congress to fund the expenditures under these contracts. In addition, government contracts normally contain additional requirements that may increase our costs of doing business, reduce our profits, and expose us to liability for failure to comply with these terms and conditions. These requirements include, for example:

•        specialized disclosure and accounting requirements unique to government contracts;

•        financial and compliance audits that may result in potential liability for price adjustments, recoupment of government funds after such funds have been spent, civil and criminal penalties, or administrative sanctions such as suspension or debarment from doing business with the U.S. government;

•        public disclosures of certain contract and company information; and

•        mandatory socioeconomic compliance requirements, including labor requirements, non-discrimination and affirmative action programs and environmental compliance requirements.

Government contracts are also generally subject to greater scrutiny by the government, which can initiate reviews, audits, and investigations regarding our compliance with government contract requirements. In addition, if we fail to comply with government contracting laws, regulations and contract requirements, our contracts may be subject to termination, and we may be subject to financial and/or other liability under our contracts, the Federal Civil False Claims Act (including treble damages and other penalties), or criminal law. In particular, the False Claims Act’s “whistleblower” provisions also allow private individuals, including present and former employees, to sue on behalf of the U.S. government. Any penalties, damages, fines, suspension, or damages could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results.

Our reputation and ability to do business may be impacted by the improper conduct of our employees, agents, or business partners.

We have implemented compliance controls, training, policies and procedures designed to prevent and detect reckless or criminal acts from being committed by our employees, agents or business partners that would violate the laws of the jurisdictions in which we operate, including laws governing payments to government officials, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”), the protection of export controlled or classified information, such as ITAR, false claims, procurement integrity, cost accounting and billing, competition, information security and data privacy and the terms of our contracts. This risk of improper conduct may increase as we continue to grow and

expand our operations. We cannot ensure, however, that our controls, training, policies and procedures will prevent or detect all such reckless or criminal acts, and we have been adversely impacted by such acts in the past, which have been immaterial in nature. If not prevented, such reckless or criminal acts could subject us to civil or criminal investigations, monetary and non-monetary penalties and suspension and debarment by the U.S. government and could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct business, our results of operations and our reputation. In addition, misconduct involving data security lapses resulting in the compromise of personal information or the improper use of our customer’s sensitive or classified information could result in remediation costs, regulatory sanctions against us and serious harm to our reputation and could adversely impact our ability to continue to contract with the U.S. government.

Risks Related to Our Securities

Because we have become a public reporting company by means other than a traditional underwritten initial public offering, our stockholders may face additional risks and uncertainties.

Because we have become a public reporting company by means of consummating the Business Combination rather than by means of a traditional underwritten initial public offering, there is no independent third-party underwriter selling the shares of our Common Stock, and, accordingly, our stockholders will not have the benefit of an independent review and investigation of the type normally performed by an unaffiliated, independent underwriter in a public securities offering. Due diligence reviews typically include an independent investigation of the background of the company, any advisors and their respective affiliates, review of the offering documents and independent analysis of the plan of business and any underlying financial assumptions. Because there is no independent third-party underwriter selling the shares of our Common Stock, you must rely on the information included in this prospectus. Although CLAQ performed a due diligence review and investigation of Nauticus in connection with the Business Combination, the lack of an independent due diligence review and investigation increases the risk of investment in us because it may not have uncovered facts that would be important to a potential investor.

In addition, because we have not become a public reporting company by means of a traditional underwritten initial public offering, security or industry analysts may not provide, or be less likely to provide, coverage of us. Investment banks may also be less likely to agree to underwrite secondary offerings on behalf of us than they might if we became a public reporting company by means of a traditional underwritten initial public offering, because they may be less familiar with us as a result of more limited coverage by analysts and the media. The failure to receive research coverage or support in the market for our Common Stock could have an adverse effect on our ability to develop a liquid market for our Common Stock. See “— Risks Related to Our Securities — If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about us, or publish negative reports, our stock price and trading volume could decline.”

If certain holders of our Common Stock sell a significant portion of their securities, it may negatively impact the market price of the shares of our Common Stock and such holders still may receive significant proceeds.

As of the date of this prospectus, the market price of our Common Stock is below $10.00 per share, which was the price per share of Common Stock sold in the IPO of our predecessor, CLAQ, and the per share price of the PIPE Shares sold to certain Selling Securityholders in connection with our PIPE Investment upon consummation of our Business Combination. In particular, the Founder Shares were purchased at an effective price of $0.006 per share. Accordingly, holders of the Founder Shares could sell their securities at a per share price that is less than $10.00 and still realize a significant return from the sale of those securities that could not be realized by our other stockholders. On December 23, the closing price of our Common Stock as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market was $4.35 per share. Based on this closing price, the aggregate sales price of the Founder Shares would be approximately $18,759,375.

The market price of our Common Stock is likely to be highly volatile, and you may lose some or all of your investment.

Following the Business Combination, the market price of our Common Stock is likely to be highly volatile and may be subject to wide fluctuations in response to a variety of factors, including the following:

•        the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on our business;

•        the inability to obtain or maintain the listing of our shares of Common Stock on Nasdaq;

we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of shares of our Common Stock that are held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the prior June 30th, and (2) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period.

In addition, under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to use this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, we will not be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.

Even after we no longer qualifies as an emerging growth company, it may still qualify as a “smaller reporting company,” which would allow it to take advantage of many of the same exemptions from disclosure requirements including exemption from compliance with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 and reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in this prospectus and our periodic reports and proxy statements.

We cannot predict if investors will find our Common Stock less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our Common Stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for the Common Stock and its market price may be more volatile.

We may redeem your unexpired warrants prior to their exercise at a time that is disadvantageous to you, thereby making your Public Warrants worthless.

We have the ability to redeem outstanding Public Warrants at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, at $0.01 per warrant, provided that the last reported sales price (or the closing bid price of our Common Stock in the event the shares of our Common Stock are not traded on any specific trading day) of the Common Stock equals or exceeds $16.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and the like) on each of 20 trading days within the 30 trading-day period ending on the third business day prior to the date on which we send proper notice of such redemption, provided that on the date we give notice of redemption and during the entire period thereafter until the time we redeem the warrants, we have an effective registration statement under the Securities Act covering Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants and a current prospectus relating to them is available. If and when the Public Warrants become redeemable by us, we may exercise our redemption right even if we are unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws. Redemption of the outstanding Public Warrants could force a warrant holder: (i) to exercise its warrants and pay the exercise price therefor at a time when it may be disadvantageous for it to do so, (ii) to sell its warrants at the then-current market price when it might otherwise wish to hold its Public Warrants or (iii) to accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the outstanding Public Warrants are called for redemption, will be substantially less than the market value of its Public Warrants.

Our Warrants may never be in the money, and they may expire worthless.

The exercise price for our Public Warrants and Private Warrants is $11.50 per-share (subject to adjustment as described herein), which exceeds the market price of our Common Stock, which was $4.35 per share based on the closing price of our Common Stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on December 23, 2022. In addition, the exercise price for our SPA Warrants is $20.00 per-share (subject to adjustment as described herein), which exceeds the market price of our Common Stock, which was $4.35 per share based on the closing price of our Common Stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on December 23, 2022. If all of our Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants were exercised in full for cash, we would receive an aggregate of approximately $240,148,500. We do not expect warrant holders to exercise their Public Warrants, Private Warrants or SPA Warrants and, therefore, we do not expect to receive cash proceeds from any such exercise, for so long as the Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants remain out-of-the money. There can be no assurance that the Public Warrants, Private Warrants or SPA Warrants will ever be in the money prior to their expiration and, as such, the Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants may expire worthless.

USE OF PROCEEDS

All of the securities offered by the Selling Securityholders pursuant to this prospectus will be offered and sold by the Selling Securityholders for their respective accounts. With the exception of the exercise of the Private Warrants and SPA Warrants, we will not receive any of the proceeds from any sale of securities by Selling Securityholders under this prospectus.

With respect to the registration of the securities being offered by the Selling Securityholders, the Selling Securityholder will pay any underwriting discounts and commissions incurred by them in disposing of such Common Stock, and fees and expenses of legal counsel representing the Selling Securityholders. We have borne all other costs, fees and expenses incurred in effecting the registration of the Common Stock covered by this prospectus, including all registration and filing fees, Nasdaq additional listing fees, and fees of our counsel and our independent registered public accountants.

We will receive up to an aggregate of approximately $240,148,500 from the exercise of the Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants assuming the exercise in full of all of the Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants for cash. We expect to use the net proceeds, if any, from the exercise of the Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants for general corporate purposes. Because the exercise price of the Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants substantially exceeds the current trading price of our Common Stock, it is unlikely that holders of our Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants will be able to exercise such Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants in the near future, if at all. As a result, we are unlikely to receive any proceeds from the exercise of the Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants in the near future, if at all. There is no assurance that the holders of the Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants will elect to exercise any or all of such Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants or that they will exercise any or all of them for cash, and there may be no economic incentive for such holders to exercise unless and until the trading price of our Common Stock exceeds $11.50 per share in the case of our Public Warrants and Private Warrants, and $20.00 in the case of our SPA Warrants. The amount of cash we would receive from the exercise of the Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants, if any, will decrease to the extent that Public Warrants, Private Warrants and SPA Warrants are exercised on a cashless basis.

In considering our capital requirements and sources of liquidity, we have not relied on the receipt of proceeds from the exercise of the Warrants. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources” for more information.

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED AND
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

CLAQ is providing the following unaudited pro forma condensed combined and consolidated financial information to aid you in your analysis of the financial aspects of the Business Combination and related transactions. The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined and consolidated financial information presents the combination of the financial information of CLAQ and Nauticus adjusted to give effect to the Business Combination and related transactions. The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined and consolidated financial information has been prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X as amended by the final rule, Release No. 33-10786 “Amendments to Financial Disclosures about Acquired and Disposed Businesses.” Defined terms included below have the same meaning as terms defined and included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.

The historical financial information of CLAQ was derived from the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of CLAQ as of June 30, 2022 and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and the audited consolidated financial statements of CLAQ as of December 31, 2021, included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. The historical financial information of Nauticus was derived from the unaudited condensed financial statements of Nauticus as of June 30, 2022 and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and the audited consolidated financial statements of Nauticus as of December 31, 2021, included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. Such unaudited pro forma financial information has been prepared on a basis consistent with the audited financial statements of CLAQ and Nauticus, respectively, and should be read in conjunction with the audited historical financial statements and related notes, each of which is included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. This information should be read together with CLAQ’s and Nauticus’ audited financial statements and related notes, the sections titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of CLAQ” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of Nauticus” and other financial information included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.

The Business Combination is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded, in accordance with GAAP. Under this method of accounting, CLAQ is treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Nauticus has been determined to be the accounting acquirer because Nauticus, as a group, will retain a majority of the outstanding shares of the combined company as of the closing of the Business Combination, they have nominated eight of the nine members of the board of directors as of the closing of the Business Combination, Nauticus’ management will continue to manage the combined company and Nauticus’ business will comprise the ongoing operations of the combined company.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2022 assumes that the Business Combination and related transactions occurred on June 30, 2022. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined and consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2022 gives pro forma effect to the Business Combination and related transactions as if they had occurred on January 1, 2021. CLAQ and Nauticus have not had any historical relationship prior to the Business Combination. Accordingly, no pro forma adjustments were required to eliminate activities between the companies.

These unaudited pro forma condensed combined and consolidated financial statements are for informational purposes only. They do not purport to indicate the results that would have been obtained had the Business Combination and related transactions actually been completed on the assumed date or for the periods presented, or which may be realized in the future. The pro forma adjustments are based on the information currently available and the assumptions and estimates underlying the pro forma adjustments are described in the accompanying notes. Actual results may differ materially from the assumptions within the accompanying unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information.

Description of the Business Combination

On December 16, 2021, CleanTech Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation (“CleanTech” or “CLAQ”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement,” and together with the other agreements and transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the “Business Combination”) with CleanTech Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of CleanTech (“Merger Sub”), and Nauticus Robotics, Inc., a Texas corporation (“Nauticus” or “Nauticus Robotics”) (the “Merger Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, a business combination between CLAQ and Nauticus will be effected through the merger of Merger Sub with and into Nauticus, with Nauticus surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of CLAQ (the “Merger”).

At the closing of the Business Combination, the total consideration received by Nauticus Equity Holders from CLAQ will have an aggregate value equal to $300,000,000, payable, in the case of Nauticus Equity Holders, solely in new shares of Common Stock. The new shares of Common Stock will be deliverable to Nauticus Equity Holders and will be allocated pro rata after giving effect to the required conversion of all of the Nauticus securities into shares of Nauticus common stock immediately prior to, and contingent upon, the Closing. Based on the number of shares of Nauticus outstanding as of September 30, 2021 (together, solely for the purposes of this calculation, with additional Nauticus shares issued upon exercise of Nauticus Convertible Notes) on a fully-diluted and as-converted basis, taking into account the assumptions further described below, Nauticus Stockholders will receive an estimated 30,031,290 shares of Common Stock.

Following the closing of the Business Combination, former holders of shares of Nauticus Common Stock (including shares received as a result of the Nauticus Preferred Stock Conversion and the Nauticus Contingently Convertible Notes Conversion) shall each be entitled to receive their pro rata share of up to 7,499,993 additional shares of CLAQ Common Stock (the “Earnout Shares”) if, within a 5-year period following the signing date of the Merger Agreement, the closing share price of the CLAQ Common Stock equals or exceeds any of three thresholds over any 20 trading days within a 30-day trading period (each, a “Triggering Event”).

(i)     one-half of the Escrow Shares will be released if, within a 5-year period following the signing date of the Merger Agreement, the volume-weighted average price of the Combined Company Common Stock equals or exceeds $15.00 per share over any 20 trading days within a 30-day trading period;

(ii)    one-quarter of the Escrow Shares will be released if, within a 5-year period following the signing date of the Merger Agreement, the volume-weighted average price of the Combined Company Common Stock equals or exceeds $17.50 per share over any 20 trading days within a 30-day trading period; and

(iii)   one-quarter of the Escrow Shares will be released if, within a 5-year period following the signing date of the Merger Agreement, the volume-weighted average price of the Combined Company Common Stock equals or exceeds $20.00 per share over any 20 trading days within a 30-day trading period.

The accounting treatment of the Earnout Shares is expected to be recognized at fair value upon the closing of the Business Combination and classified in stockholders’ equity. Because the Business Combination is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization, the issuance of the Earnout Shares will be treated as a deemed dividend and since CLAQ will not have retained earnings, the issuance will be recorded within additional-paid-in-capital. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information does not reflect pro forma adjustments related to the recognition of these shares because there is no net impact on additional paid-in capital on a pro forma combined basis. We expect to finalize our assessment of the accounting treatment prior to the Closing.

Subscription Agreements

In connection with the execution of the Merger Agreement, CLAQ entered into subscription agreements (collectively, the “Subscription Agreements”) with certain parties subscribing for shares of CLAQ Common Stock (the “Subscribers”) pursuant to which the Subscribers have agreed to purchase, and CLAQ has agreed to sell to the Subscribers, an aggregate of 3,100,000 shares of CLAQ Common Stock, for a purchase price of $10.00 per share and an aggregate purchase price of $31.0 million. The obligations to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Subscription Agreements are conditioned upon, among other things, customary closing conditions and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.

Securities Purchase Agreement

Also in connection with the execution of the Merger Agreement, CLAQ and Nauticus entered into Securities Purchase Agreement, with certain parties purchasing up to an aggregate of $40.0 million in principal amount of the Debentures and warrants equal to 100% of the aggregate issued amount of the Debentures divided by the then conversion price, with an exercise price equal to $20.00 per share of CLAQ common stock, subject to adjustment. The exercise price of the associated warrant will be subject to (i) customary anti-dilution adjustments; and (ii) in the case of a subsequent equity sale at a per share price below the exercise price, the exercise price of the associated warrant will be adjusted to such lower price, and the number of shares underlying the warrant will increase proportionately. In the event of a rights offering or dividend, the warrant holder will be treated as though the shares underlying the

warrant he/she holds were outstanding. The obligations to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Securities Purchase Agreement are conditioned upon, among other things, customary closing conditions and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.

The pro forma adjustments giving effect to the Business Combination and related transactions are summarized below, and are discussed further in the footnotes to these unaudited pro forma condensed combined and consolidated financial statements:

•        the consummation of the Business Combination and reclassification of cash held in CLAQ’ Trust Account to cash and cash equivalents, net of redemptions (see below);

•        issuance of Common Stock pursuant to the Rights;

•        the consummation of the Subscription Agreements;

•        the consummation of the Debt Financing;

•        the Bridge Loan (as defined in the Merger Agreement); and

•        the accounting for certain offering costs and transaction costs incurred by both CLAQ and Nauticus; and

•        the redemption of 15,805,510 shares of CLAQ common stock

Charter Amendment and Trust Amendment

As approved by CLAQ stockholders at a Special Meeting of Stockholders (the “Meeting”) on July 18, 2022, CLAQ entered into an amendment (the “Trust Amendment”) to the investment management trust agreement, dated as of July 14, 2021, with Continental Stock Transfer & Company on July 19, 2022. Pursuant to the Trust Amendment, the Company has the right to extend the time to complete a business combination six (6) times for an additional one (1) month each time from July 19, 2022, to January 19, 2023, by depositing $100,000 to the trust account for each one-month extension.

As approved by CLAQ stockholders at the Meeting on July 18, 2022, the Company filed an amendment to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Delaware Secretary of State on July 19, 2022 (the “Charter Amendment”), giving the Company the right to extend the date by which it has to complete a business combination up to six (6) times for an additional one (1) month each time, from July 19, 2022 to January 19, 2023.

In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the Meeting, 15,466,711 shares were tendered for redemption.

On August 12, 2022, CLAQ extended the time it has to complete its initial business combination from August 19, 2022, to September 19, 2022 by depositing $100,000 to the trust account.

On September 6, 2022, CLAQ held a special virtual meeting of its stockholders of record (the “Special Meeting”), at which the Company’s stockholders of record voted on certain matters related to the business combination (the “Special Meeting”). As of September 1, 2022, the end of the redemption period for the shares of CLAQ common stock issued as part of the units in the CLAQ’s initial public offering consummated on July 19, 2021, an aggregate of 361,986 shares of CLAQ common stock were tendered for redemption in connection with the Special Meeting.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined and consolidated financial information has been prepared using the assumptions below with respect to the potential redemption into cash of shares of CLAQ ordinary shares:

•        Assuming Minimum Redemptions:    This scenario, which we refer to as the “Minimum Redemption Scenario”, assumes that the only shares of common stock redeemed by the Public Stockholders are those that have already been redeemed prior to July 20, 2022.

•        Assuming Maximum Redemptions:    This scenario assumes that 1,444,490 CLAQ Common Stock subject to redemption are redeemed for an aggregate payment of approximately $8.4 million (based on an estimated per share redemption price of approximately $5.82 that was calculated using the $8.4 million of cash in the Trust Account divided by 1,444,490 CLAQ shares of Common Stock subject to redemption assuming the pro forma maximum redemption scenario pursuant to the Merger Agreement). Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, the aggregate cash proceeds received from the Trust Account, together

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED AND CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEET AS OF JUNE 30, 2022

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED AND
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2022